Reality is always anachronous.
– Jorge Luis Borges, from ‘Two Books’From Rouaud's polemical denunciations of ‘modern’ scientific literature to Volodine's weird post-exotic dystopias, these different modes of engagement with genre fiction and notions of literary return reveal radically dissimilar ways of conceptualizing literary history and politicizing the literary. At the beginning of this book, I suggested that the paradigmatic account of the return to the story was provided by the writer Daniele Sallenave, who embraced a break with the nouveau roman and the aesthetics of intransitivity. Rather than return to Sallenave's argument, which has been quoted and reformulated many times over the years, I would propose that it is another conception of return, one that is never quoted today, that helps us think through the trajectory of this study. That conception of return is bathmological, and it is outlined in Renaud Camus's response to La Quinzaine Littéraire's questionnaire about the ‘end of the avant-gardes’ and the ‘return to the story.’ To the question of whether there had been a liberation from ‘theory’ and a return to the story, Camus replied that this characterization of return risked creating significant misunderstandings:
As for the old question of the ‘return to the story,’ I’m afraid that once again the best approach to it is Barthesian ‘bathmology,’ a half-serious (and all the more effective) science of the degrees of discourse, which allows us to see that serious differences—due for example to the itineraries followed to arrive at an illusory coincidence—can exist between apparently similar and superficially identical positions. In this particular case, everyone is indeed more or less on board when it comes to a ‘return to the story,’ but the story is not an unambiguous meeting place for those who never left it, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, for those like me who went outside of it a little ways to see what it was made of and to figure out what could still be done with it. (1989, 8)
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