Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T20:33:48.412Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - A Brief History of Automotive Ethernet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2021

Kirsten Matheus  and
Thomas Königseder
Kirsten Matheus
Affiliation:
BMW, Munich
Thomas Königseder
Affiliation:
Technica Engineering, Munich
Get access

Summary

This chapter enlightens the framework that allowed Ethernet to be introduced as a new in-vehicle networking technology. It explains the early use cases as well as the infrastructure that was set up in order to support the proliferation of Automotive Ethernet in the automotive industry.

Keywords

diagnosisflashInfotainmentsurroundview camera systemopen standardseco-system
Type
Chapter
Information
Automotive Ethernet , pp. 75 - 108
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Russell, A. L., “OSI: The Internet That Wasn’t,” July 30, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/networks/osi-the-internet-that-wasnt. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Burg, U. v. and Kenny, M., “Sponsors, Communities, and Standards: Ethernet vs. Token Ring in the Local Area Networking Business,” Industry and Innovation, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 351–375, December 2003.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, R. M., “The History of Ethernet,” December 14, 2006. [Online]. Available: www.youtube.com/watch?v=g5MezxMcRmk. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Wikipedia, “On-board diagnostics,” April 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Board_Diagnostics. [Accessed May 8, 2020].Google Scholar
Matheus, K., “OPEN Alliance – Stepping Stone to Standardized Automotive Ethernet,” in 2nd Ethernet & IP @ Automotive Technology Day, Regensburg, 2012.Google Scholar
BMW, “Ethernet Diagnose Stecker,” April 2007. [Online]. Available: http://bmwtools.info/uploads/enet_doku.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
ISO, ISO 14229-1:2013-03 (E) Road Vehicles – Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) – Part 1: Specification and Requirements, Geneva: ISO, 2013.Google Scholar
Free Software Foundation, “lwIP – a Lightweight IP Stack – Zusammenfassung,” unknown. [Online]. Available: http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/lwip/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
UNECE, “Test Procedure for Compression–Ignition Engines and Positive-Ignition Engines Fuelled with Natural Gas or Liquefied Pertoleum Gas with Regards to the Emission of Pollutants,” June 25, 1998. [Online]. Available: www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29registry/ECE-TRANS-2005-124-04e.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Johanson, M., Dahle, P., and Söderberg, A., “Remote Vehicle Diagnostics over the Internet using the DoIP Protocol,” Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications, pp. 226–231, October 2011.Google Scholar
ISO, ISO 13400-1:2011 – Road Vehicles – Diagnostic Communication over Internet Protocol (DoIP) – Part 1: General Information and Use Case Definition, Geneva: ISO, 2011.Google Scholar
ISO, ISO 13400-2:2012 – Road Vehicles – Diagnostic Communication over Internet Protocol (DoIP) – Part 2: Transport Protocol and Network Layer Services, Geneva: ISO, 2012.Google Scholar
Mascolino, G., “Ethernet – der Standard. Jetzt auch im Automobil,” in Automotive Kongress, Ludwigsburg, 2012.Google Scholar
Bruckmeier, R., “Ethernet for Automotive Applications,” in Freescale Technology Forum, Orlando, 2010.Google Scholar
Jones, M., “Ethernet im Automobil,” Automobil Elektronik, pp. 40–42, January 2011.Google Scholar
Carlson, S., Hogenmüller, T., Matheus, K., Streichert, T., Pannell, D., and Abaye, A., “Reduced Twisted Pair Gigabit Ethernet Call for Interest,” March 2012. [Online]. Available: www.ieee802.org/3/RTPGE/public/mar12/CFI_01_0312.pdf. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
InvestmentMine, “Historical Copper Prices and Price Chart,” September 26, 2013. [Online]. Available: www.infomine.com/investment/metal-prices/copper/all/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Heise Online, “BMW erforscht Bordnetz mit Internet-Protokoll,” October 27, 2007. [Online]. Available: www.heise.de/autos/artikel/BMW-erforscht-Bordnetz-mit-Internet-Protokoll-466769.html. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Brand, R., Carlson, S., Gildred, J., Lim, S., Cavendish, D., and Haran, O., “Residential Ethernet, IEEE 802.3 Call for Interest,” July 2004. [Online]. Available: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/3/re_study/public/200407/cfi_0704_1.pdf. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Hillebrand, J., Rahmani, M., Bogenberger, R., and Steinbach, E., “Coexistence of Time-Triggered and Event-Triggered Traffic in Switched Full-Duplex Ethernet Networks,” in Industrial Embedded Systems, 2007. SIES ’07, International Symposium on Digital Object Identifier, Lisbon, 2007.Google Scholar
Rahmani, M., Hillebrand, J., Hintermaier, W., Bogenberger, R., and Steinbach, E., “A Novel Network Architecture for In-Vehicle Audio and Video Communication,” in 2nd IEEE/IFIP International Workshop on Broadband Convergence Networks, 2007. BcN ’07, Munich, 2007.Google Scholar
Rahmani, M., Steffen, R., Tappayuthpijarn, K., Steinbach, E., and Giordano, G., “Performance Analysis of Different Network Topologies for In-Vehicle Audio and Video Communication,” in 4th International Telecommunication Networking Workshop on QoS in Multiservice IP Networks, 2008, Venice, 2008.Google Scholar
Rahmani, M., Pettiti, A., Biersack, E., Steinbach, E., and Hillebrand, J., “A Comparative Study of Network Transport Protocols for In-Vehicle Media Streaming,” in IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2008, Hanover, pp. 441–444, 2008.Google Scholar
Rahmani, M., Tappayuthpijarn, K., Krebs, B., Steinbach, E., and Bogenberger, R., “Traffic Shaping for Resource-Efficient In-Vehicle Communication,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, pp. 414–428, May 15, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salzmann, C., Modified from non-public document, Munich, 2009.Google Scholar
Grünweg, T., “Modellzyklen der Automobilhersteller: Eine Industrie kommt auf Speed,” February 10, 2013. [Online]. Available: www.spiegel.de/auto/aktuell/warum-lange-entwicklungszyklen-fuer-autohersteller-zum-problem-werden-a-881990.html. [Accessed May 8, 2020].Google Scholar
Matheus, K., “Ethernet-basierte Kommunikation: Der skalierbare Vernetzungsbaukasten für die Fahrzeugentwicklung,” Elektonik Automotive, January 2013.Google Scholar
Rahmani, M., Steinbach, E., Hintermaier, W., Laika, A., and Endt, H., “A Novel Network Design for Future IP-based Driver assistance camera systems,” in International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, 2009. ICNSC ’09, Okayama, 2009.Google Scholar
Hintermaier, W. and Steinbach, E., “A System Architecture for IP-Camera Based Driver Assistance Applications,” in 2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), San Diego, 2010.Google Scholar
Hase, T., Hintermaier, W., Frey, A., Strobel, T., Baumgarten, U., and Steinbach, E., “Influence of Image/Video Compression on Night Vision Based Pedestrian Detection in an Automotive Application,” in 2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), Yokohama, 2011.Google Scholar
Königseder, T. and Singer, S., “Development Partnership BMW-Freescale Enables Ethernet for Automotive Applications,” in Freescale Technology Forum, Austin, 2011.Google Scholar
Balszuweit, K., “Einführung Ethernet&IP als applikativer Fahrzeugbus,” in Steinbeis Symposium, Fellbach, 2013.Google Scholar
Matheus, K., “Structural Support for Developing Automotive Ethernet,” in 3rd Ethernet & IP @Automotive Technology Day, Leinfeld-Echterdingen, 2013.Google Scholar
Center of Automotive Management, “Automotive Innovations Award 2012,” May 2, 2013. [Online]. Available: www.auto-institut.de. [Accessed May 9, 2013, no longer available].Google Scholar
Borowitz, F. and Scherm, E., “Standardisierungsstrategien, eine erweiterte Betrachtung des Wettbewerbs auf Netzeffektärkten,” Fernuniversität Hagen, Hagen, 1999.Google Scholar
Gabel, H. L., Produktstandardisierung als Wettbewerbsstrategie, London: McGraw-Hill, 1993.Google Scholar
Martini, D., “Meeting Minutes of the OPEN Alliance Steering Committee,” OPEN Alliance, July 2019.Google Scholar
OPEN Alliance, “OPEN Alliance Homepage,” 2020 (continuously updated). [Online]. Available: www.opensig.org/. [Accessed December 28, 2019].Google Scholar
Hill, C., “Establishing a Standard: Competitive Strategy and Technological Standards in Winner-Take-All Industries,” Academy of Management Executive, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 7–25, 1997.Google Scholar
Abramson, B. D., “The Patent Ambush: Misuse or Caveat Emptor?,” January 5, 2011. [Online]. Available: www.ipmall.info/sites/default/files/hosted_resources/IDEA/idea-vol51-no1-abramson.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
IEEE 802.3, “Approved Minutes IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Working Group Plenary Grand Hyatt, San Antonio, TX USA,” November 12–15, 2012. [Online]. Available: www.ieee802.org/3/minutes/nov12/minutes_1112.pdf. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Dwelley, D., “Power over Data Lines Call for Interest,” July 16, 2013. [Online]. Available: www.ieee802.org/3/cfi/0713_1/CFI_01_0713.pdf. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
IEEE 802.3, “IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Working Group Homepage,” IEEE 802.3, 2020 (continuously updated). [Online]. Available: www.ieee802.org/3/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Leitner, F., “AUTOSAR AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture,” 2007. [Online]. Available: www.inf.uni-konstanz.de/soft/teaching/ws07/autose/leitner-autosar.pdf. [Accessed October 9, 2013, no longer available].Google Scholar
AUTOSAR, “Requirements on Ethernet Support in AUTOSAR, Release 4.0, Revision 1,” December 7, 2009. [Online]. Available: www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/classic/4-0/AUTOSAR_SRS_Ethernet.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
AUTOSAR, “Specification of Ethernet Interface, Release 4.1., Revision 3,” March 31, 2014. [Online]. Available: www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/classic/4-1/AUTOSAR_SWS_EthernetInterface.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
AUTOSAR, “Specification of Ethernet Interface, Release 4.2.2,” 2015. [Online]. Available: www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/classic/4-2/AUTOSAR_SWS_EthernetInterface.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Business Wire, “AVnu Alliance Launches to Advance Quality of Experience for Networked Audio and Video,” August 25, 2009. [Online]. Available: www.businesswire.com/news/home/20090825005929/en/AVnu-Alliance-Launches-Advance-Quality-Experience-Networked. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Avnu Alliance, “Homepage of the Avnu Alliance,” Avnu Alliance, 2020 (continuously updated). [Online]. Available: http://avnu.org/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Avnu Alliance, “Industrial Control & Monitoring,” 2020 (continuously updated). [Online]. Available: http://avnu.org/industrial/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Jochim, M. and Specht, J., “AAA2C – Automotive Requirements for a Flexible Control Traffic Class,” July 14, 2014. [Online]. Available: www.ieee802.org/1/files/public/docs2013/new-tsn-jochim-aaa2c-requirements-for-control-traffic-0713-v01.pdf. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Avnu Alliance, “Avnu Knowledge Base, Avnu Automotive Advisory Council (AAA2C) Materials,” Avnu Alliance, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://avnu.org/whitepapers/. [Accessed July 7, 2016, no longer available].Google Scholar
Bechtel, G., Gale, B., Kicherer, M. (Turner), and Olsen, D., Automotive Ethernet AVB Functional and Interoperability Specification Revision 1.4, Beaverton: Avnu, 2015.Google Scholar
IEEE 802, “P802.1DG – TSN Profile for Automotive In-Vehicle Ethernet Communications,” 2019 (continuously updated). [Online]. Available: https://1.ieee802.org/tsn/802-1dg/. [Accessed December 7, 2019].Google Scholar
ISO, ISO/DIS 17215:2013 – Road Vehicles – Video Communication Interface for Cameras (VCIC) Parts 1–4, Geneva: ISO, 2013.Google Scholar
Sugihara, O. and Takahashi, S., “Standardization Activities on Gigabit Ethernet Operation Over Plastic Optical Fiber,” in 5th Ethernet & IP @ Automotive Technology Day, Yokohama, 2015.Google Scholar
Horikoshi, F., NWIP on Road Vehicles – In-vehicle Gigabit Ethernet System – Part 1: General Requirements of Gigabit Ethernet System and Physical and Data-link Layer Requirements of Optical Gigabit Ethernet System, Geneva: ISO, 2015.Google Scholar
Horikoshi, F., NWIP on Road Vehicles – In-vehicle Gigabit Ethernet System – Part 3: General Requirements and Test Methods of Optical Gigabit Ethernet Components, Geneva: ISO, 2015.Google Scholar
IEC, IEC 62228-5 ED1, Integrated Circuits – EC Evaluation of Transceivers, Part 5: Ethernet Transceivers, Berlin: VDE, 2019.Google Scholar
ISO, “Online Browsing Platform; ISO/DIS 21111-4(en),” 2018. [Online]. Available: www.iso.org/obp/u#iso:21111:-4:dis:ed-1:v1:en. [Accessed December 28, 2019].Google Scholar
Wuelfing, B., “CeBIT 2009: BMW and Partners Found GENIVI Open Source Platform,” March 3, 2009. [Online]. Available: www.linuxpromagazine.com/Online/News/CeBIT-2009-BMW-and-Partners-Found-GENIVI-Open-Source-Platform. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Körber, B., EMC Test Specification for BroadR-Reach™ Transceivers, v1.1, Irvine, CA: OPEN Alliance, 2013.Google Scholar
Körber, B., EMC Test Specification for BroadR-Reach™ Common Mode Chokes, v1.1, OPEN Alliance, 2013.Google Scholar
Körber, B., Buntz, S., Kaindl, M., Hartmann, D., and Wülfing, J., BroadR-Reach® Physical Layer Definitions for Communication Channel, v1.0, Irvine, CA: OPEN Alliance, 2013.Google Scholar
Business Wire, “OPEN Alliance and UNH-IOL Rev up Evolution of Connected Car,” August 20, 2012. [Online]. Available: www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120820005361/en/OPEN-Alliance-UNH-IOL-Rev-Evolution-Connected-Car. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
PR Newswire, “Broadcom, NXP, Freescale, and Harman Form OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group,” November 9, 2011. [Online]. Available: www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/broadcom-nxp-freescale-and-harman-form-open-alliance-special-interest-group-133514928.html. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
PHYS ORG, “NXP Develops Automotive Ethernet Transceivers for In-Vehicle Networks,” November 9, 2011. [Online]. Available: https://phys.org/news/2011-11-nxp-automotive-ethernet-transceivers-in-vehicle.html. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
IEEE-SA, “IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Ethernet & IP @ Automotive Technology Day,” IEEE-SA, Continuously updated. [Online]. Available: https://standards.ieee.org/events/automotive/. [Accessed December 28, 2019].Google Scholar
OPEN Alliance, “Automotive Ethernet Hits the Road in Wide Range of New Vehicles,” October 14, 2015. [Online]. Available: http://opensig.org/news/press-releases/. [Accessed May 6, 2020].Google Scholar
Marvell, “Marvell Unveils Industry’s First 1000BASE-T1 Automotive Ethernet PHY Transceier,” October 19, 2015. [Online]. Available: www.marvell.com/company/newsroom/marvell-unveils-industrys-first-1000base-t1-automotive-ethernet-phy-transceiver.html. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
OPEN Alliance, “Automotive OPEN Alliance Demonstrates Multi-Vendor Interoperability,” October 25, 2015. [Online]. Available: http://opensig.org/news/press-releases/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Vollmer, A., “Microchip ist ein Konsolidator in der Halbleiterindustrie,” February 14, 2019. [Online]. Available: www.all-electronics.de/microchip-ist-ein-konsolidator-in-der-halbleiterindustrie/4/. [Accessed December 28, 2019].Google Scholar
Farrel, J. and Saloner, G., “Standardization, Compatibility, and Innovation,” RAND Journal of Economics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 70–83, 1985.Google Scholar
Katz, M. and Shapiro, C., “System Competition and Network Effects,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 93–115, 1994.Google Scholar
Glaß, M., Herrscher, D., Meier, H., Piastowski, M., and Schoo, P., “SEIS – Sicherheit in Eingebetteten IP-Basierten Systemen,” ATZelektronik, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 50–55, 2010.Google Scholar
ON Semiconductors, “In Vehicle Networking ESD Performance,” [Online]. Available: www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/TND391-D.PDF. [Accessed September 29, 2013, no longer available].Google Scholar
Automotive Electronics Council, “AEC Documents,” July 17, 2012. [Online]. Available: www.aecouncil.com/AECDocuments.html. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Universität Erlangen, Lehrtstuhl für Informatik 12, “SEIS – Sicherheit in Eingebetteten IP-Basierten Systemen,” June 6, 2013. [Online]. Available: www12.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/research/seis/. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Wikipedia, “Geschichte von Linux,” April 10, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschichte_von_Linux. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Business Wire, “IEEE Forms 4-Pair Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Study Group,” April 1, 2013. [Online]. Available: www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130331005002/en/IEEE-Forms-4-Pair-Power-Ethernet-PoE-Study. [Accessed May 13, 2020].Google Scholar
Wikipedia, “OSEK,” April 22, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSEK/OSEK. [Accessed May 25, 2020].Google Scholar
Wikipedia, “QNX,” March 1, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QNX/QNX. [Accessed May 25, 2020].Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×