Chapter 7 discusses how the Transfiguration is seen within the Synoptic Gospels – and especially in the careful New Testament and Patristic scholarship of Daniel Kirk, Teresa Morgan and Peter Anthony-- as the principal occasion when the moral and spiritual perfection of Jesus received divine affirmation. Alongside the patriarch Moses and the prophet Elijah, Jesus is glimpsed in the Transfiguration narratives, falteringly, as someone immensely special and divinely endorsed, by three of his disciples, who (in Luke and two sixth-century church mosaics) are themselves included within the cloud (perhaps even theösis) that envelops Jesus, Moses and Elijah. This chapter examines both Aquinas’ and recent Eastern Orthodox accounts of the social implications of transfiguration. It also notes that transfiguration has been deeply disfigured by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima on the Feast of the Transfiguration in 1945.

Chapter 2 sets out the theories and relevant concepts used in the book. The arguments for and against anti-dumping laws are explained considering efficiency, fairness and political issues. The theories used are interdisciplinary in nature and require a political economy perspective. Also, macro and micro views need to be taken into account because anti-dumping investigations involve both states and firms. Later, the justifiable level of anti-dumping laws is discussed. Anti-dumping laws are ill-defined cures for market distortions; this book suggests that the improvement of procedural justice can reduce the negative reaction to anti-dumping laws by limiting their misuse.

This chapter traces the inflection of various religio-cultural traditions and customs of erotic love and sex and ordering of sexual acts in sixteenth-century Istanbul as defined by literary and documentary sources. With its diverse population and as the seat of the Ottoman dynasty, Istanbul was one of the most crowded and diverse cities of the sixteenth century. It witnessed the formation of an elite class that distinguished itself from the majority of the urban population through ideological othering strategies and the establishment of law codes to order and rule the diverse communities in the city. Literary works that focused on the city and documents, including law codes and court records, reflect conflicting views on sexual relations: while chaste love among members of the elite was idealized in romances and sexual acts were criticized in satirical works, documents reflected the ways sexual acts and desires were regulated, controlled, and punished.

This chapter reviews vectors and matrices, and basic properties like shape, orthogonality, determinant, eigenvalues, and trace. It also reviews operations like multiplication and transpose. These operations are used throughout the book and are pervasive in the literature. In short, arranging data into vectors and matrices allows one to apply powerful data analysis techniques over a wide spectrum of applications. Throughout, this chapter (and book) illustrates how the ideas are implemented in practice in Julia.

Though sexually transmitted diseases have existed for thousands of years, from the late twentieth century AIDS became an enduring pandemic, mapping onto and exacerbating pre-existing inequalities. It must be historically contextualized within the global spread of older STDs such as syphilis and gonorrhoea, as a result of colonialism and imperialism. From its earliest identification among gay and bisexual men in the United States in the 1980s, AIDS-related stigma and discrimination acted as barriers to effective HIV prevention. In Africa women”s experiences of gender oppression, including through the criminalization of sex work, rendered them susceptible to HIV infection. The racial oppression of Black people, Indigenous people, and people of colour placed them at special risk of HIV. The pandemic also occasioned fundamental, adverse social changes, including AIDS orphans. It is against this backdrop that AIDS activism emerged. Activists have campaigned for sex-positive prevention education, adequate funding, and greater political will to develop treatments. The history of AIDS is deserving of study for the way in which it conceptualizes how structural oppression and human rights violations shape sexual and reproductive health, and how gender- and sexuality-oppressed groups can challenge human rights violations and advance global health justice.

Shanghai is often seen as the exemplar of Chinese cosmopolitan modernity, including gender and sexual progressiveness under Western influence. This chapter argues that Shanghai’s cosmopolitanism is also rooted in migration, activism, and state policies. The early reforms of patrilineage coincided with influxes of migrants and refugees, who constituted the majority of Shanghai’s urban population. As the hotspot for China’s industrialization, women’s economic empowerment and social activism occurred almost simultaneously. The semi-colonial status of Shanghai before 1949 that protected groups such as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in extra-territorialities also made possible the survival of sexual minorities. These historical and social conditions created an urban environment that has made negotiations of the most intimate aspects of human life both possible and difficult. Shanghai as the pioneer of gender equality and sexual modernity in China must be viewed through those intimate negotiations, in which people transform the definitions of freedom, belonging, and modernity.