This chapter introduces compound sentences, as the components of these complicated sentences have equal importance. Four types of common compound sentences are examined: coordinative, successive, incremental, and alternative. Each type is introduced in terms of specific correlative markers and their meanings and uses.

This chapter introduces conjunctions in Chinese. The focus is on distinguishing conjunctions, prepositions, and adverbs. This chapter also provides detailed information on the usages of common conjunctions and connective expressions.

The use of adverbs is introduced in this chapter, specifically how they modify verbs and adjectives. Their meanings and grammatical functions are given in detail, including how to differentiate the usages of adverbs with similar meanings. Further information that is provided includes the multiple positions of adverbs and the use of paired adverbs in a sentence.

The suggested shift in policy perspective from groundwater to aquifers challenges the traditional approach to groundwater as a public resource issue. The legal issues involving aquifers are a complex combination of public rights and private property. Groundwater is traditionally a publicly held resource, yet the aquifer’s storage space appears to be considered private property. Although these resources are interconnected, courts have taken different approaches to addressing conflicts that involve indirect effects of groundwater extraction, like subsidence and subterranean trespass. Some states and courts treat pore spaces akin to a mineral right and protect private uses, like carbon sequestration. In other cases, courts have treated pore spaces as a public resource and refused claims of trespass and nuisance when adjacent aquifer uses interfered with private property rights. There is no clear consensus as to the ownership of aquifer pore spaces.

Unlike other constructions, coordinations are headless, consisting of two or more strings in coordinate function, often phrases of the same category and typically linked by means of a coordinator in marker function (mainly ‘and’, ‘or’, and ‘but’). The marker is a dependent in an expanded coordinate. Those without a marker are bare coordinates.

A coordination is permitted roughly wherever all of its coordinates, unlimited in number, would be permitted. Coordinates are required to be syntactically similar in potential function.

The order of coordinates is not always free. When the order of a pair of coordinates may be switched, they are symmetric. Otherwise, they’re asymmetric. An expanded coordinate can never be preposed. Sometimes semantic considerations require a particular order, and some coordinates are fixed phrases. The interpretation of a coordination may be joint or distributive.When a coordinate itself is a coordination, the coordinations are said to be layered. Finally, we note a number of Non-basic cases: expansion of coordinates by adjuncts, gapped coordination, coordination of non-constituents, delayed right constituent coordination, and end-attached coordinates.