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3 results

Global Strategy in Our Age of Chaos

Global Strategy in Our Age of Chaos
  • How Will the Multinational Firm Survive?
  • Stephen Tallman, Mitchell P. Koza
  • Published online:
    23 March 2024
    Print publication:
    02 May 2024
  • Chaotic environments are producing unique and unprecedented challenges for multinational companies, challenges that raise important questions about whether and how multinationals will survive or wither away. This Element explores both the macro political, economic, technological, and social forces impacting international business and the strategic management adaptations that leading companies have deployed to respond to these challenges. We observe that a new organizational form – the Global Multi-Business – has evolved that may be especially adapted to respond to and challenge a world in which change is ubiquitous, with the direction of change unpredictable and the pace of change accelerating. It accomplishes this through the strategic assembly of the organization and the animation of its many parts.

  • A concise overview of national nutrition action plans in the European Union Member States

  • Carl Lachat, John Van Camp, Stefaan De Henauw, Christophe Matthys, Yvan Larondelle, Anne-Marie Remaut–De Winter, Patrick Kolsteren
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 8 / Issue 3 / May 2005
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2007, pp. 266-274
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  • Objective

    This study presents an overview of national nutrition action plans in the member states of the European Union (EU), before its enlargement in 2004. In addition, their compliance with key recommendations of the World Health Organization, as documented in the First Action Plan for Food and Nutrition Policy and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, has tentatively been evaluated on the basis of the policy documents published.

    Design

    Literature review of publicly available policy national plans on nutrition and physical activity.

    Setting

    Member states of the EU before enlargement in May 2004.

    Results

    The development of national nutrition action plans is gaining momentum. Six of the 15 EU member states – namely, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, France, The Netherlands and the UK – have an operational nutrition policy and four of them have published an elaborated description of their nutrition policy in English. By the end of 2004, another four countries are expected to have their plan finalised. The available nutrition action plans generally seem to comply with international recommendations, although large variations are observed between the member states in terms of terminology, nutritional recommendations, institutional framework, nutritional scope, social groups targeted and monitoring and evaluation structures.

    Conclusions

    Although the importance of nutritional surveillance, a comprehensive approach to nutritional problems and stakeholder involvement is recognised by the action plans, the justification for it is vaguely described. This paper advocates for proper evaluation and documentation of interventions in public health nutrition and nutrition policies.

  • Development of a Regional Focal Point for animal genetic resources: the European examplea

  • D. Planchenault, L. Ollivier
  • Journal:
    Animal Genetic Resources Information / Volume 32 / April 2002
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 August 2011, pp. 13-17
    Print publication:
    April 2002

  • This paper describes the process that lead to the creation of the European Regional Focal Point (ERFP). The action was suggested by the FAO Global Strategy (1995) aimed to assist countries to stop animal diversity erosion by helping them with a better use and preservation of their livestock resources.

    In 1997, France accepted the responsibility of developing an ERFP though its Bureau des Ressources Génétiques (BRG). During the first year, the ERFP held meaningful discussions with the different European countries with the objective of finding a general agreement for an organisational structure as well as a medium-term work programme. The following step was settled during the Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production (EAAP) in Warsaw where it was agreed that the new body had to have a light structure and respect national sovereignty regarding the AnGR.

    In February 2000, following a difficult internal debate involving the establishment of a basic strategy and further steps, an enquiry was launched among the National Coordinators in order to have an overall picture and to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed organisation to be established. In 2000 during the 6th Workshop of the European NCs, the ERFP was created.

    The new structure is based on

    a) an Annual Meeting of National Focal Points;

    b) a Steering Committee; and

    c) a Secretariat to be elected among the National Focal Points to serve for a limited period.