Taenia saginata cyst fluid proteins from 4, 8, 12 and 16-week-old cysticerci were analysed by a combination of direct I radio-isotope labelling, immunoprecipitation using a panel of sera from infected cattle infected with T. saginata and SDS–PAGE. Protein antigens of 12, 14, 16, 20 and 26 kDa were identified in all of the cyst fluids examined. These were immunogenic and were precipitated by serum taken from cattle from 8 weeks after infection onwards and were therefore considered to be of diagnostic potential. A 185 kDa protein antigen found only in the cyst fluid of 4-week-old cysticerci and a 43 kDa protein antigen first detected in cyst fluid from 8-week-old cysticerci were also identified but were considered to be of more limited diagnostic potential due to their restricted presence. An apparently non-immunogenic 67 kDa protein, found in all the cyst fluids examined, may have been host serum albumin.

Vestibular schwannomas containing cystic parts are common, but it is extremely rare for a vestibular schwannoma to contain fluid–fluid levels. In this report, we present two cases of vestibular schwannoma with magnetic resonance imaging findings of a fluid–fluid level, and we discuss the radiological features and possible mechanism of fluid–fluid level formation.