The chapter addresses the notion of psychological harm inflicted upon consumers by AI systems. It ponders what phenomena could be considered psychological harm, analyzes how AI systems could be causing them, and provides an overview of the legal strategies for combating them. It demonstrates that the risk posed to consumers’ mental health by AI systems is real and should be addressed, yet the approach taken by the EU in its AIA Proposal is suboptimal.

This chapter answers questions such as: How are digital media and digitalization transforming public communication? What is the working framework in which journalism and PR operate? What is journalists’ and communications professionals’ daily work? The first part of the chapter covers the impact of digitization on journalism and PR, and how this affects their relationship. It introduces the concept of attention economy to elucidate the consequences that the digital financing model has on public communication. It then provides an insight into the recent developments in journalism and PR by presenting novel forms and formats of digital communication, which are at the heart of media linguistics research. The second part of the chapter focuses on the concepts of media literacy, digital literacy, visual and visualization literacy and data literacy, and how these skills translate into journalists’ and communication experts’ daily job, particularly when faced with the new ethical challenges posed by new digital technologies and tools. The chapter closes by presenting the discipline of ethics in general and with a special focus on media ethics in journalism and PR and digital media ethics.

This chapter considers current and future economies of music production, distribution and consumption, intersecting the question concerning technology – big data storage, distributed network technology, programmable artificial intelligence – with the question concerning contemporary markets – the merchandising of desire, taste and sensibility within a surveillant attention economy, and its concomitant labour ethics. The first section tracks changes in the music industry within the digitally networked environment in the first decade of the twenty-first century. A practice of P2P sharing and free downloading shifted toward a full-scale surveillance economy hitched to licensed music, raising questions concerning data privacy, data security, management of user data, and procedures for third-party requests for data and metadata. By investigating the economic, social, technical and legal dimensions of this shifting terrain, the chapter suggests that the impact on cultural labour practices in the digital age bear uncanny resemblance to a pre-technological one.