The great majority of Moine lineations are mica structures, and together with a parallel preferred orientation of epidote [010]-axes, are directed mainly into the south-east quadrant. This orientation is retained within the crush zone alongside the Moine Thrust. The regional preferred orientation of muscovite [100]-axes and [001]-axes is consistent with north-east and south-west movements except within the crush zone where fabric reorientation suggests movements normal to this direction. The growth of albite textures and fabric is intimately associated with thrust plane movements, the preferred orientation of albite suggesting a south-east and north-west vertical plane of deformation.

The superfamily Lichacea is here considered to include two families : the Lichidae, composed of four subfamilies and twenty-four genera, and the Lichakephalidae, comprising only one species. Reed's interpretation of the glabellar and occipital lobes in the Lichidae is considered to be correct; the definition and degree of fusion of these lobes is the main criterion of generic discrimination. Hypostomal features are of assistance in defining subfamilies. The characters of the pygidium are constant in some genera, but unstable in others. The Lichinae and Homolichinae, stratigraphically the oldest subfamilies of the Lichidae, are chiefly European in occurrence during the Ordovician period. The Tetralichinae and the Ceratarginae occur earlier in North America than in Europe. Lichakephalus occurs in Lower Tremadoc beds of Bavaria.

Optical and chemical data are presented on the clinopyroxenes (titaniferous salites) from a differentiated teschenite sill. The range of clinopyroxene composition is close to the limits, Ca49Mg37Fe14 to Ca47Mg33Fe20. Attention is directed to the clinopyroxene compositions and zoning in their relation to the parent rocks and associated minerals.

Large, individual olivine crystals exhibiting a banded structure are described from olivine-basalts from a number of localities in the Carboniferous lavas of the Midland Valley. This structure is of deformational nature and provides what seems to be a sound criterion for distinguishing between phenocrystic and xenocrystic olivine in olivine-basalts.

The new approach to quantitative morphometry, initiated by Horton (1945), has resulted in the recognition, measurement and comparison of the basic units of landscape geometry; the application to them of the principles governing the behaviour of open physical systems; and the testing and quantifying of the Davisian principles of landscape evolution. The laws of morphometry are here illustrated from three regions of maturely dissected sandstone terrain, lacking in differential gross structural control, and it is discovered that uniform, dimensionless ratios hold for their geometry.

Aspidiscus cristatus (Lamarck) is recorded from Western Sinai and a full description of the species is given. This includes the first recognition of the calicular pits in the coral, which is thus shown to be a compound form.

An early record of the occurrence of Megaphyton in the Limestone Coal Group in Fife has been investigated and the identification confirmed. The specimen is here described and figured as Megaphyton Chalmersi sp. nov.

Many recent investigators report the presence of “ cross-folds ” in mountain chains. The common right angle relations between such folds and the main trends suggest that they are genetically allied. Following the original suggestion of Argand, it is proposed that the superficial cross-folds are due to basement control (passive segmentation), whereas those in the deeper parts of geosynclines have been brought into being by the limitations of space (active segmentation).