In presenting the results of these investigations, we have attempted to discuss in each section the findings that have been described, and here we will merely be concerned with summarizing the major points that have emerged.

1. The results of a study of sampling for ginning percentage in cotton variety trials are given. The investigation was undertaken to determine the most satisfactory method of obtaining the necessary ginning percentage factors for conversion of yield of seed-cotton to yield of lint.

2. The material consisted of a widerange of strains derived from the jassid-resistant Upland, U4, planted out in trials of randomized block design, in different seasons.

1. A study of different methods of staple-length measurement of material from a cotton variety trial, of the comparative accuracy of three persons' measurements and of the number of seeds which it is necessary to measure in order to achieve various degrees of accuracy in the determination of differences in variety trial and single plant material is described.

2. If, in making single plant selections, the breeder is satisfied with a level of significance of P =0·1 when using a sample of only five seeds per plant, he would be justified in discarding material falling one and a half millimetres below the standard of staple-length at which he was aiming.

1. In a ration containing paddy straw, the large amount of oxalate ingested does not act in the same way in the ruminant system as has been observed when oxalate-rich spinach is fed to rats. About 10 % of the ingested oxalic acid is recovered in the faeces, and this can be explained as arising out of pre-formed insoluble and unabsorbable calcium oxalate present in paddy straw; the remaining 90%, which is soluble potassium oxalate, does not react with the calcium of the Tation to form unabsorbable calcium oxalate.

1. The weights of muscular tissue, fatty tissue, bone, and tendons, etc. in the carcasses of twenty-nine cattle, fifty-five sheep and forty pigs are given. The weights of fat, dry fat-free residue, and water in the muscular and fatty tissues from the carcasses of twenty-nine cattle, twenty-nine sheep and two pigs (one wild and one domesticated) are also given. The cattle represent eight breeds, the sheep nine breeds and the pigs two breeds. Ages range from newly born to over 12 years and there are fifty females, seventy castrated males and four newly born males. The animals thus represent a very wide cross-section of the meat industry.

The writers are at present engaged in carrying out investigations into the relative supplemental values of the proteins in certain feeding stuffs that are commonly used to correct the protein deficiencies, in respect both of amount and quality, of the cereal grains and their by-products. As a preliminary to this work, it was necessary to obtain information about the digestibility of these protein supplements and their content of digestible protein and ‘total digestible nutrients’.

1. The effect of iodinated casein feeding on the respiratory metabolism of the female sheep has been studied, using a spirometer technique with direct analysis of expired air.

2. The effect of iodinated casein on basal metabolism was linearly related to the dosage expressed in mg./kg. W0·73. The effect on pulse rate was not linear: there was a greater acceleration at the higher levels.

Evidence is provided to prove that the nutritional malady, Coast Disease, which affects sheep de-pastured without change on the shell-sand littoral of South Australia is due solely to the inability of the pastures to provide the quantity of cobalt and copper necessary to fulfil the nutritional requirements of grazing sheep.

An experiment started in 1936 in which five evenly matched groups of young cross-bred ewe hoggets were dosed thrice weekly with cobalt, copper, cobalt plus copper, and with cobalt plus copper together with iron, manganese, zinc and nickel is described.

The effects of cobalt deficiency and of varying degrees of copper deficiency in young sheep were investigated.

Five of six evenly matched groups of hoggets aged about 8 months when transferred to the deficient pastures were supplemented with the equivalent of 1 mg. Co/day, 10 mg. Cu/day, 1 mg Co + 1 mg. Cu/day, 1 mg. Co + 5 mg. Cu/day, 1 mg. Co + 10 mg. Cu/day, respectively, administered thrice weekly as a drench; the sixth group was untreated.

All individuals that received no cobalt developed typical symptoms of cobalt deficiency and most of them died within a year. After 11 months the remaining cases were removed to the laboratory. They were then in the advanced stages of the terminal cachexia.

The effects of copper deficiency and of copper excess on mature Merino and Border-Leicester ewes were studied experimentally over a period of 3½ years with five evenly matched groups of each breed which were all depastured together as one flock on terrain where sheep develop cobalt and copper deficiency. All were treated with the equivalent of 1 mg. Co/day. Copper was administered thrice weekly in doses which provided for individuals of the respective groups the equivalent of nil, 1, 5, 50 and 100 mg. Cu/day.

All of the individuals that received only cobalt became anaemic; they lost weight and developed marked symptoms of copper deficiency.

The supplement of 1 mg. Cu/day was sufficient to delay the onset of these symptoms, but it failed to increase significantly the concentration of copper in the blood and it was insufficient to ensure normal myelin formation in the central nervous system of lambs born of the ewes which had received this treatment for 2 years prior to mating.