The uplands seem to have consisted of an interior highland north of the Thames made principally of Upper Palaeozoic rocks, and a marginal vale-and-scarp lowland of Jurassic strata on the south. This lowland bordered the Wealden morass. Much of the highland exceeded 1,000 feet. It was probably a high-level peneplain resurrected by end-Purbeck earth-movements. Two main rivers entered the swamps and account for most of the detritus. Their probable relations recall those of the contemporary rivers in Belgium.

The paper describes a horizon of greywackes outcropping on the coast near Macduff, Banffshire, and containing large boulders of igneous and metamorphic rocks. This horizon belongs to the Macduff Group of the Upper or Banff Division of the Dalradian. It is suggested that the boulders may have been dropped into the greywackes from floating ice.

Regional studies using certain minerals as indices of metamprphic grade indicate a coincidence between areas of granitic injection or migmatitization and the distribution of sillimanite. Occurrences of that mineral in knotted bodies or faserkiesel and in pegmatites and aplites within migmatites have, however, sometimes been attributed to late metasomatism rather than to metamorphic conditions. In view of the doubtful value of the mineral as an index of metamorphic grade in these circumstances its distribution in the Kenya Basement System is reviewed and the field relationships between sillimanite-bearing metamorphosed pelitic sediments and faserkiesel migmatites occurring in central Kenya are described.

It is concluded that sillimanite in the migmatites is derived from partly assimilated sillimanite gneisses, which are of extensive but inconspicuous distribution in the non-migmatitized Basement System. The regional stability of sillimanite rather than kyanite over a great area suggests that high-grade metamorphic conditions prevalent in Kenya during Basement System times were accompanied by granitization processes culminating in the local formation of replacive granites in which sillimanite relics are preserved.

Of the various members of the Younger Granite Complex columbite is found only in the biotite granites. It occurs as an accessory mineral, and varies in amount in different types.

Within the main serpentine of Unst, a lower peridotite layer, a dunite layer, and an upper pyroxenite layer can be distinguished. These three zones have transitional contacts which are marked by a primary mineral banding. Analyses of specimens from each zone are given and it is suggested that the layering is due to differentiation in situ. The zones dip steeply eastward and the base of the intrusion is cut off on the west by a thrust which is slightly oblique to the banding and locally cuts out the peridotite zone. Interior planes of dislocation are parallel to, or perpendicular to, the primary banding.

A new genus, Peiragraptus, is proposed for graptolites having a partial diplograptid development and mainly uniserial rhabdosome. A growth series of the new species P. fallax from the Upper Ordovician of Anticosti is described.

Evidence strongly suggests that the Durness Limestone in Skye is a great thrust-slice between Torridonian above, at Broadford, and Torridonian below, at Strollamus and Scalpay.

The sequence of Miogypsina species in the type region of the Aquitanian-Burdigalian offers a good basis for correlation. Early Aquitanian corresponds to the range of M. gunteri, early Burdigalian to those of M. irregularis and M. burdigalensis, early Vindobonian to that of M. cushmani. In the western Mediterranean area application of this sequence is considered justifiable. Comparison with the similar sequence in America shows a much older occurrence of equivalent species in the western hemisphere than in Europe. A correction of the American time scale is considered premature when made on the Miogypsinidae alone.

The lithological and faunal successions of some 1,150 feet of Carboniferous beds exposed on Foynes Island, County Limerick, are described and shown to be of Namurian Age. The stratigraphical position of Reticuloceras subreticulatum (Foord) and Homoceratoides divaricatus (Hind) has been ascertained by collecting from the type localities on the island. The palaeogeographical implications of the succession are discussed.

In a Tertiary ring complex at Carlingford, Eire, a large mass of eucrite is cut by porphyritic cone-sheets. A major granophyre intrusion later than the cone-sheets alters the clinopyroxene of the sheets to hornblende whilst the clinopyroxene of the adjacent eucrite remains unaltered. By elimination of several possibilities it is shown that the different behaviour of the two pyroxenes reflects their thermal stabilities.

It is argued that the two pyroxenes represent a pyroxene trend of crystallization and that thermal metamorphism attacked them in the reverse order of their magmatic crystallization. Importance is attached to extensive replacement of Ca′ by Fe′ in the cone-sheet pyroxene as a factor of instability.

A new ammonite assemblage from the Ampthill Clay is recorded. Its correlation with the Trigonia clavellata beds of Dorset indicates that these condensed beds are represented by two distinct horizons in the Ampthill Clay—the Boxworth Rock below and the Knapwell Ditch horizon above.

It has been claimed that the hinge of one of the two major recumbent folds of the S.W. Highlands is exposed near Ben Lui. In this paper it is claimed that the form of the outcrops permits the existence of this recumbent fold only if the fold-axis plunges towards the south-west. Evidence is given that the plunge is in fact towards the west, and on this basis a profile has been constructed to illustrate the observed geometrical relationships of the rocks.

A new species of Palaeechinus from the Lower Carboniferous of Alberta is described.