The eleventh season of the Joint Expedition of the British Museum and of the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania started on 18th December 1932, and closed down on 9th March 1933; it was therefore a shorter season than usual, and its programme was also a modest one, the object being rather to finish certain tasks that had already been begun than to embark on new sites. About 150 men were employed.

There are two main types of these beads. The first type which is much the more usual has the pattern made with white lines on a background of the natural colour of the stone. The second type has the whole surface of the stone whitened and then a design in black made upon it, the whitened surface of the stone forming a white background. Specimens of this type are very uncommon.

Earthworks are not numerous in Norfolk, owing no doubt to the fact that the county is a somewhat flat one, and Hadrian Allcroft in Earthwork of England is almost silent upon the subject of camps in this district. Probably one of the best known is the Roman camp at Brancaster (Branodunum) on the north coast between Hunstanton and Wells, which encloses an area of 8¼ acres. The square is clearly visible, although becoming yearly more reduced by the action of the plough.

Mr. Preston discovered the Colbury barrow, the first of those here to be described, in April 1931; shortly afterwards, with the permission of the New Forest Deputy Surveyor, he excavated it, and found it to contain cinerary urns assignable to what is usually called the Deverel-Rimbury class of Late Bronze Age sepulchral pottery. Those which could be selected as still practically complete were presented by the Forestry Commissioners to the British Museum. Mr. Preston had previously, in 1928 and 1929, excavated two other barrows, at Landford and Plaitford not many miles away, which had yielded urns of the same class, and in the present paper all three have been brought together. The material for the description of each barrow and its contents is naturally the excavator's: I have collaborated with him in its interpretation, and in doing so have ventured on one or two more general considerations.

Among various tools and other objects of iron included in two hoards of blacksmith's scrap recovered from the bottom of a pit and a well during the excavations at Silchester in 1894 and 1900 were some plough coulters (pl. LXXVIII, I ), the importance of which in connexion with agriculture in Britain during the Roman period has hitherto passed unnoticed. Six examples altogether were found, and although each varies somewhat in size they are generally of the same form and character. They may be described as heavy iron bars, roughly octagonal in shape and from 1 to 1Image-1 in. in section, with one end forged into a knife-like form resembling the blade of the ordinary Roman butcher's-knife or ‘culter’. The blades are from 7Image-2 to 9 in. long and 3 to 3Image-3 in. in breadth at their upper end, tapering to a point at the lower end. In length overall they vary from 26Image-4 to 28 in., with one exception, which has obviously been broken off short in use. They are all much worn, which no doubt accounts for their having been consigned to the scrap-heap. The circumstances of their finding leave no possible doubt that they belong to the Roman period, but no coins or other associated objects allow of any precise date being fixed.