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9483 results in Social psychology

Page 129 of 475

  • 27 - Aggression and Violence in Romantic Relationships

  • from Part VII - Threats to Relationships
  • Edited by Anita L. Vangelisti, University of Texas, Austin, Daniel Perlman, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships
    Published online:
    11 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018, pp 365-377

  • Summary

    In this chapter, we discuss how new communication technologies are reshaping interpersonal relationship formation, maintenance, and dissolution. Through this evaluation, we extend existing research on the socio-technical affordances of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and relational processes by (1) synthesizing the current state of mediated personal relationships research across these three relational stages and (2) describing how each relational state is influenced by the affordances of new communication technologies. An affordances framework is especially useful for evaluating and understanding complex relationships and interactions on social media platforms because it captures the plastic nature of communication tools and the user practices that accompany them, providing a more holistic understanding of the interactions between users and the tools and how these relationships evolve over time. We argue that using an affordances framework to evaluate interpersonal relationship processes highlights how social and technological attributes shape interaction patterns while acknowledging individuals’ agency in deciding how they use communication tools. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research in this area and describes some of the unique methodological, theoretical, and practical challenges of studying mediated interpersonal relationships.

  • 25 - Stress, Dyadic Coping, and Social Support

  • from Part VII - Threats to Relationships
  • Edited by Anita L. Vangelisti, University of Texas, Austin, Daniel Perlman, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships
    Published online:
    11 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018, pp 341-352

  • Summary

    It is well-recognized that close relationships influence emotional well-being and psychological outcomes, however often overlooked is the influence close relationships have on physical health. This chapter summarizes the evidence supporting taking close relationships seriously for one’s physical health. Epidemiological evidence linking close relationships to risk for premature mortality and experimental evidence in animals, together point to a directional and causal effect on health. Major theoretical approaches (Attachment, Social Network, Social Support), general models (Direct effects, Social Control/Influence), stress-based models (Stress buffering, Matching hypothesis/Responsiveness, Allostasis) and models of relationship thriving (Social Capitalization) further explain why such an association may exist. Importantly, evidence has accumulated documenting behavioral and biological pathways. Close relationships influence a variety of behavioral processes, including health behaviors, medical adherence/compliance, sleep, physical touch/affection—all of which influence physical health. There is also substantial evidence supporting the influence of close relationships on biological pathways, including cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and immune functioning, that can have direct influences on health. The quality of close relationships may moderate such associations and therefore further attention to relationship quality in future research. Finally, future research is needed examining the role and implications of changing technology on the broader associations between close relationships and physical health.

Social Interactions in Virtual Worlds
  • An Interdisciplinary Perspective
  • Edited by Kiran Lakkaraju, Gita Sukthankar, Rolf T. Wigand
  • Published online:
    15 June 2018
    Print publication:
    05 July 2018
  • Within the rapidly-growing arena of 'virtual worlds', such as Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOs), individuals behave in particular ways, influence one another, and develop complex relationships. This setting can be a useful tool for modeling complex social systems, cognitive factors, and interactions between groups and within organizations. To study these worlds effectively requires a cross-disciplinary approach that integrates social science theories with big data analytics. This broad-based book offers a comprehensive and holistic perspective on the field. It brings together research findings from an international team of experts in computer science (artificial intelligence, game design, and social computing), psychology, and the social sciences to help researchers and practitioners better understand the fundamental processes underpinning social behavior in virtual worlds such as World of Warcraft, Rift, Eve Online, and Travian.

The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships
  • 2nd edition
  • Edited by Anita L. Vangelisti, Daniel Perlman
  • Published online:
    11 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018
  • With the field of personal relationships having grown dramatically in the past quarter century, The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships, Second Edition serves as a benchmark of the current state of scholarship, synthesizing the extant theoretical and empirical literature, tracing its historical roots, and making recommendations for future directions. Written by internationally known experts from key disciplines, the Handbook addresses both fundamental questions and cutting-edge concerns. This second edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect recent developments in analytical techniques, shifts in theoretical emphases, and an increased attention to social processes. New chapters include the Neuroscience of Salutary Close Relationships; Self-Disclosure in Relationships; Acceptance, Rejection, and the Quest for Relational Value; Relationships and Physical Health; Personal Relationships and Technology in the Digital Age; and Promoting Healthy Relationships. This compendium of state-of-the-art research and theory on personal relationships will be of great value to researchers, graduate students, and practitioners.

  • 9 - Introduction to Emotional Intelligence: Theory and Practice

  • from PART II - YOU AND OTHERS AROUND YOU
  • Nathalie Martin
  • Book:
    Lawyering from the Inside Out
    Published online:
    18 May 2018
    Print publication:
    07 June 2018, pp 119-137

  • Summary

    INTRODUCTION TO EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

    We ended Chapter 8 with a Law Pause, in which you answered this question:

    Would you rather think or feel?

    There is a place for each of us in the world of law, and in fact, there is more need for lawyers in the world than there are lawyers to fill that need. In Chapter 17 on professional identity, professional responsibility, and access to justice, we will talk more about this. For now, just know that there is a place for you, and not just any place, but a meaningful and important place.

    We each bring something unique to the table, which is why we are all needed in our own way. I like to ask people whether they would rather think or feel because it helps me understand them better as individuals. It also helps me see what parts of lawyering each new lawyer will likely struggle with the most. We all must do both – think and feel. There will be struggle. It is just a question of what kind of struggle.

    I would rather think than feel. It is a fact, and not a close call. Thinking is just easier for me, and I suspect formany lawyers and lawyers to be. When I feel, I often feel too much. I sometimes start to cry and sometimes get blue. When I think on the other hand, I wonder, I write, I read, I research, I teach, I model, I succeed. Not only do I succeed, but I feel strong. Yet all of the people closest to me are “feelers.” My husband would rather feel than think. My two closest friends at work, Fred and Jenny, would both rather feel than think. My closest non-work friends, Connie, Kim, and Pat, also all would rather feel than think. I assume these feelers are emotionally healthier than I am, but again it is not a competition. I need to be able to feel in order to do this job, and so do you.

    Of course, you can't be a lawyer without being able to think, but let's face it, most of school is about teaching us to think.

  • 7 - Resilience

  • from PART I - NURTURING YOUR BEST SELF
    • By Joshua Alt, newly minted graduate of the University of New Mexico School of Law, Nathalie Martin, University of New Mexico School of Law
  • Nathalie Martin
  • Book:
    Lawyering from the Inside Out
    Published online:
    18 May 2018
    Print publication:
    07 June 2018, pp 83-99

  • Summary

    The pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity.

    The optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.

    Winston Churchill

    INTRODUCTION TO RESILIENCE THEORY

    We start in this introduction with a short list of activities that can increase resilience, and return to this list at the end of this chapter:

  • • Don't run from things that scare you.

  • • Be quick to reach out for support when things go wrong.

  • • Learn new things as often as you can.

  • • Find an exercise regime you can stick to, usually something you love.

  • • Do not beat yourself up or dwell on the past.

  • • Rewrite your own story.

  • • Recognize what makes you unique and strong, and own it.

    • As mentioned in the last chapter, the three things thatmost correlate with well-being are relatedness to others, autonomy, and competence.2 Law school can undermine all three of these things. When it comes to competence in particular, it is critical to recognize that you will not be good at law school when you first arrive. The skills learned in law school are ones that improve only with practice, so that is why you are there.

    As explained by George Washington University School of Law Professor Todd Petersen, virtually all legal training involves learning a skill, not a substantive knowledge base. It is not about learning torts or contracts, per se, but learning how to develop the analytical skills needed to practice law. In other words, learning law is more like learning to play tennis than learning anatomy.3 There is very little to memorize. You are learning to use and apply the law, and to analyze new situations, like those you will face when you see clients. For these skills, you need practice.

    When we throw students into the Socratic method in law school classes, we do not explain that they are learning a skill, not substantive knowledge. If we did, they would understand that they are not supposed to be good at it when they start. Like tennis, only practice can improve the skill.

  • 8 - Mindfulness: Theory and Practice

  • from PART I - NURTURING YOUR BEST SELF
  • Nathalie Martin
  • Book:
    Lawyering from the Inside Out
    Published online:
    18 May 2018
    Print publication:
    07 June 2018, pp 100-116

  • Summary

    A Wild Bull

    The effort to make the mind quiet,

    Is like holding a wild bull on a leash.

    The leash is held on to, and he drags you around,

    And you are determined not to release.

    One day maybe the bull will stop moving,

    And finally you can rest.

    Or you can stop expecting the bull to be still,

    And let go of the leash, instead.

    Once you don't care what the bull does,

    When you no longer seek to control him,

    Wherever he goes and whatever he does,

    Does not affect the one watching.

    A bull moves around, that's what it does,

    If you fight him, he fights you back.

    Don't ask the mind to be silent,

    Then silence is all that you have.

    Adam Oakley

    I love the image of the mind as this raging bull in Adam Oakley's poem above. The mind is often like that, off on its own, pulling us all over the place and causing us to go way off track from where we want and need to be. Most of this severe agitation is unnecessary. We all know that our thoughts are not us and that our thoughts are not reality, but we still have moments when those raging bull thoughts, As a result, we get less done and are less happy in life than we could otherwise be. In a sense, by allowing the bull to rage, we are wasting our precious time on this earth. This chapter provides an introduction to some modern mindfulness practices that can be used to slow the raging bull down.

    This chapter starts by describing the world's first mindfulness practices, developed over 3,000 years ago. It then describes what drew people to these practices back then, and why there is an upsurge in these practices now. Meditation, for example, has been scientifically shown to improve concentration, allowing one to get more done in less time and with less effort, to help one establish “flow,” and to find enhanced meaning and purpose in life.

  • 5 - Lawyer Skill Sets: What We Have, What We Need

  • from PART I - NURTURING YOUR BEST SELF
  • Nathalie Martin
  • Book:
    Lawyering from the Inside Out
    Published online:
    18 May 2018
    Print publication:
    07 June 2018, pp 56-70

  • Summary

    In the last chapter we discussed some of the negative traits attributed to lawyers in society, including dishonesty, greed, and narcissism. Through these images we know what people dislike in attorneys, but what attributes and skills are actually valued in lawyers?What are clients and legal employers looking for in their young attorneys?

    This chapter describes these most desirable lawyer skills using empirical research on the subject of which skills are most valued by clients and legal employers. For context, this chapter first describes a few typical law jobs. It then briefly describes the history of legal education, which helps explain why the skills we learn in law school are not necessarily the ones most valued by clients and legal employers. The bottom line is that trustworthy, empathetic people are more successful, so collegiality and good communication skills are paramount.

    ONE LEGAL TRAINING, MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF LAWYERS

    When my friend Ocean wakes up in the morning, he gets his kids ready for school, then puts on a suit and goes to his job working as in-house counsel for a bank. His job is to negotiate contracts with all different types of vendors, from the photocopy vendor to multimillion-dollar financial institutions that hold billions of dollars’ worth of collateral. Every week he gets to use the knowledge we discussed in our 1L Contracts class. He also helps steer the bank through a complex federal and state regulatory landscape that is constantly shifting. To do a good job, he has to remember that good lawyers don't panic – staying calm and grounded is a helpful attribute. It is rewarding and not too terribly stressful.

    When my friend Jenny gets up, she throws on jeans and sweater, gets her son off to school, and then sets off to direct the non-profit she formed. Her job involves raising money, hiring and training attorneys and paralegals, and educating the public about the plight of undocumented people living in the US. Jenny knows she is doing important work and feels great about her contributions to society.

Page 129 of 475