Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T08:34:05.486Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2017

Byung-Yeon Kim
Affiliation:
Seoul National University
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Unveiling the North Korean Economy
Collapse and Transition
, pp. 305 - 322
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Academy of Social Sciences (1970), Dictionary on the Economy 1 (경제사전 1), Pyongyang: Press of Social Sciences.Google Scholar
Academy of Social Sciences (1985), Dictionary on the Economy 2 (경제사전 2), Pyongyang: Press of Social Sciences.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, S., and Robinson, J. A. (2001), The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation. American Economic Review 91(5): 13691401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, S., and Robinson, J. A. (2002), Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution. Quarterly Journal of Economics 117: 12311294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, and Robinson, James (2012), Why Nations Fail, New York: Crown Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Adam, J. (1989), Economic Reforms in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe since the 1960s, London: MacMillan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aghion, P., and Blanchard, O. (1994), On the Speed of Transition in Central Europe. National Bureau for Economic Research Macroeconomics Annual 9: 283320.Google Scholar
Ahn, Ye-Hong, and Mun, Sung Min (2007), A Study on Methods of Economic Integration after Unification (통일 이후 남북한 경제통합 방식에 대한 연구), Research on Finance and Economics. Bank of Korea, Research Paper No. 291.Google Scholar
Akerlof, George, Rose, Andrew, Yellen, Janet, and Hessenius, Helga, (1991), East Germany in from the Cold: The Economic Aftermath of Currency Union. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1991(1): 1105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexeev, M. (1988), Are Soviet Consumers Forced to Save? Comparative Economic Studies 30(4): 1723.Google Scholar
Andvig, J. C., and Fjeldstad, O. H. Amundsen, I., Sissener, T., and Søreide, T. (2000), Research on Corruption: A Policy Oriented Survey. Chr. Michelsen Institute and Norwegian Institute of International Affairs.Google Scholar
Bank of Korea (2002), Meaning of Recent Economic Measures of North Korea and Prospects (최근 북한 경제조치의 의미와 향후 전망). Material for public report.Google Scholar
Bank of Korea (various years), Gross Domestic Product Estimates for North Korea, Seoul: Bank of Korea.Google Scholar
Bardhan, P. (1997), Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues. Journal of Economic Literature 35(3): 13201346.Google Scholar
Barlow, David, and Radulescu, Roxana (2005), The Sequencing of Reform in Transition Economies. Journal of Comparative Economics 33(4): 835850.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barro, R., and Grossman, H. (1971), A General Disequilibrium Model of Income and Employment. American Economic Review 61(1): 8293.Google Scholar
Barro, R., and Grossman, H. (1974), Suppressed Inflation and the Supply Multiplier. Review of Economic Studies 41(1): 87104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, John, Estrin, Saul, and Urga, Giovanni (2007), Methods of Privatisation and Economic Growth in Transition Economies. Economics of Transition 15(4): 661683.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bergson, Abram (1961), The Real National Income of Soviet Russia Since 1928, Boston: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bergson, Abram (1987), Comparative Productivity: The USSR, Eastern Europe and the West. American Economic Review 77(3): June, 342357.Google Scholar
Bergson, Abram (1992), Communist Economic Efficiency Revisited. American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 82(2): May, 2730.Google Scholar
Berkowitz, D., and Dejong, D. N. (2005), Entrepreneurship and Post-Socialist Growth. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 67(1): 2546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bilsen, Valentijn, and Konings, Jozef (1998), Job Creation, Job Destruction and Growth of Newly Established, Privatized and State-Owned Enterprises in Transition Economies: Survey Evidence from Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania. Journal of Comparative Economics 26(3): 429445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanchard, Oliver, and Shleifer, Andrei (2001), Federalism with and without Political Centralisation: China versus Russia. IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 48, Special Issue, 171179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boretsky, M. (1987), The Tenability of the CIA Estimates of Soviet Economic Growth. Journal of Comparative Economics 11(4): 1987, 517542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boycko, Maxim, Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W. (1994), Voucher Privatization. Journal of Financial Economics 35(2): 249266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boycko, Maxim, Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert (1996), A Theory of Privatisation. Economic Journal 106(March): 309319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunetti, Aymo, Kisunko, Gregory, and Weder, Beatrice (1997), Institutions in Transition: Reliability of Rules and Economic Performance in Former Socialist Countries. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 1809.Google Scholar
Brus, W., and Laski, K. (1989), From Marx to the Market: Socialism in Search of an Economic System, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Carlin, Wendy, Fries, Steven, Schaffer, Mark, and Seabright, Paul (2001), Competition and Enterprise Performance in Transition Economies: Evidence from a Cross-Country Survey. CEPR Discussion Paper No. 2840.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (1991), Sector of Origin and End Use GNP for the Soviet Union 1950–90. Update of JEC estimates in 1982 rubles, processed, 29 March 1991.Google Scholar
Central News Agency of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (various years), Chosun Joongang Yeongam (Yearbook of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: CJY), Pyongyang: Central News Agency of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.Google Scholar
Chai, Won-Ho, Son, Ho-Jung, and Kim, Ok-Il (2006), The Bureaucratic Corruption and Its Causes in North Korea: A Survey of Perception of North Korean Refugees (북한 관료부패의 실태와 원인에 관한 연구). Journal of the Korean Association for Governance 13(1): 297321.Google Scholar
Chang, Yong Seok, Eun-mee, Jeong, and Park, Myoung-Kyu (2014), Social Changes in North Korea, 2014: Marketisation, Inequality and Economic Reforms (북한 사회변동 2014: 시장화, 불평등, 경제개혁), Seoul: Seoul National University Institute for Peace and Unification Studies.Google Scholar
Charemza, W. (1989), Disequilibrium Modelling of Consumption in the Centrally Planned Economy. In Models of Disequilibrium and Shortages in Centrally Planned Economies, Davis, C., and Charemza, W., eds. London: Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
Charemza, W. (1990), Parallel Markets, Excess Demand and Virtual Prices: An Empirical Approach. European Economic Review 34(2–3): 331339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chawluk, A., and Cross, R. (1994), The Real Balance Effects of Price Liberalization in Poland. Economics of Transition 2(4): 487499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chawluk, A., and Cross, R. (1997), Measures of Shortage and Monetary Overhang in the Polish Economy. Review of Economics and Statistics 79(1): 105115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, Jin Wook (2011), Unification Scenario and Preparation (통일 시나리오와 통일준비). In Tasks and Strategies for Unification Diplomacy (통일 외교 과제와 전략), Choi, et al., eds. Seoul: Korea Institute for National Unification.Google Scholar
Choi, Joonook (2008), Fiscal Impact of Economic Integration of Two Koreas (남북경제통합과 재정정책), Seoul: Korea Institute of Public Finance.Google Scholar
Choi, Soo-young (1991), Foreign Trade of North Korea, 1946–1988: Structure and Performance, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University.Google Scholar
Chow, Gregory (2007), China’s Economic Transformation, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Chung, Chung-Gil, and Jeon, Chang-Gon (2000), The Analysis of the State of Farmer’s Markets in North Korea (북한 농민시장의 실태 분석). Agricultural Economy 23(2): 103120.Google Scholar
Chung, Young-chul (2007), The Suryong System as the Institution of Collectivist Development. Journal of Korean Studies Vol. 12, Fall: 4374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Claessens, Stijn, and Peters, Kyle (1997), State Enterprise Performance and Soft Budget Constraints: The Case of Bulgaria. Economics of Transition 5(2): 305322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crafts, N., and Toniolo, G. (1996), Postwar Growth: An Overview. In Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945, Crafts, N. and Toniolo, G, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cumings, Bruce (1997), Korea’s Place in the Sun: A Modern History, New York: W.W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Davis, Christopher (1988), The Second Economy in Disequilibrium and Shortage Models of Centrally Planned Economies, Berkeley–Duke Occasional Papers on the Second Economy in the USSR, No. 12. Duke University, Durham, NC.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, Lance, and North, Douglass (1971), Institutional Change and American Economic Growth, New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Brauw, Alan, Huang, Jikun, and Rozelle, Scott (2004), The Sequencing of Reform Policies in China’s Agricultural Transition. Economics of Transition 12(3): 427465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewatripont, M., and Maskin, E. (1995), Credit and Efficiency in Centralized and Decentralized Economies. Review of Economic Studies 62(4): 541555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewatripont, M., and Roland, G. (1992), The Virtues of Gradualism and Legitimacy in the Transition to a Market Economy. Economic Journal 102(March): 291300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewatripont, M., and Roland, G. (1995), The Design of Reform Packages under Uncertainty. American Economic Review 85(5): 12071223.Google Scholar
Djankov, Simeon (1999), The Restructuring of Insider-Dominated Firms: A Comparative Analysis. Economics of Transition 7(2): 467–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Djankov, Simeon, and Murrell, Peter (2002), Enterprise Restructuring in Transition: A Quantitative Survey. Journal of Economic Literature 40(3): 739792.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dong, Yong-Seung (2010), The Conditions and Prospects of the North Korean Iron and Steel Industry (북한 철강산업의 현황 및 전망). EXIM North Korea Economic Review 7(3): 5974.Google Scholar
Eberstadt, Nicholas (2009), The North Korean Economy: Between Crisis and Catastrophe, New Brunswick: Transaction.Google Scholar
Ericson, R. (1990), The Soviet Statistical Debate: Khanin vs. TsSU. In The Impoverished Superpower: Perestroika and the Soviet Military Burden, Rowen, H., and Wolf, C., eds. Oakland: Institute for Contemporary Studies Press.Google Scholar
Estrin, Saul and Stone, Robert, (1997), A Taxonomy of Mass Privatisation. In Between State and Market: Mass Privatization in Transition Economies, Lieberman, I. W., Nestor, S. S and Desai, R. M., eds. Washington DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Estrin, Saul, Hanousek, Jan, Kocenda, Evzen, and Svejnar, Jan (2009), The Effects of Privatization and Ownership in Transition Economies, Journal of Economic Literature 47(3): 699728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falcetti, Elisabetta, Lysenko, Tatiana, and Sanfey, Peter (2006), Reform and Growth in Transition: Re-examining the Evidence. Journal of Comparative Economics 34(3): 421445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandez, R., and Rodrik, D. (1991), Resistance to Reform: Status-Quo Bias in the Presence of Individual-Specific Uncertainty. American Economic Review 81(5): 11461155.Google Scholar
Fischer, Stanley, Sahay, Ratna, and Vegh, Carlos A. (1996), Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies: The Early Experience. Journal of Economic Perspectives 10(2): 4566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Food Programme (WFP) (2012, 2013), FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Special Report.Google Scholar
Frank, Ruediger (2005), Economic Reforms in North Korea (1998–2004): Systemic Restrictions, Quantitative Analysis, Ideological Background. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 10(3): 278311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Free North Korea Radio (2008), Lectures by Hwang Jang-yop on Juche Ideology and Sooroung Dictatorship (황장엽 강좌: 주체사상과 수령독재사상에 대하여) (www.fnkradio.com/).Google Scholar
Fyrdman, Roman, Gray, Cheryl, Hessel, Marek, and Rapaczynski, Andrzej (1999), When Does Privatization Work: The Impact of Private Ownership on Corporate Performance in the Transition Economies. Quarterly Journal of Economics 114(4): 11531191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frydman, Roman, Gray, Cheryl, and Rapaczynski, Andrej (1997), Private Ownership and Corporate Performance: Some Lessons from Transition Economies, New York University Working Paper 9827, New York.Google Scholar
Funke, Norbert (1993), Timing and Sequencing of Reforms: Competing Views and the Role of Credibility. Kyklos 46(3): 337362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaddy, Clifford. (1991), The Labour Market and the Second Economy in the Soviet Union, Berkeley-Duke Occasional Papers on the Second Economy in the USSR, 24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
General Accounting Office (GAO) (1991), Soviet Economy: Assessment of How Well CIA Has Estimated the Size of the Economy, Report to the Honorable Daniel Patrick Moynihan, United States General Accounting Office. GAO/NSIAD91:274.Google Scholar
Goodkind, Daniel, and West, Loraine (2001), The North Korean Famine and Its Demographic Impact. Population and Development Review 27(2): 219238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graham, Edward M. (2007), How North Korea Finances Its International Trade Deficit: An Educated Guess, Korea’s Economy 23: 7482 (http://keia.org/sites/default/files/publications/17.Graham.pdf).Google Scholar
Gregory, Paul (2004), The Political Economy of Stalinism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gregory, Paul, and Stuart, Robert (2004), Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century, 7th edn. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.Google Scholar
Greif, Avner (2006), Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from Medieval Trade, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossman, Gregory (1977), The ‘Second Economy’ of the USSR. Problems of Communism 26(5, September-October): 2540.Google Scholar
Grossman, Gregory (1987), Roots of Gorbachev’s Problems: Private Income and Outlay in the Late 1970s. In Gorbachev’s Economic Plans, Vol. 1. Joint Economic Committee, US Congress, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, pp. 213229.Google Scholar
Grossman, Gregory (1998), Subverted Sovereignty: Historic Role of the Soviet Underground. In The Tunnel at the End of the Light: Privatization, Business Networks and Economic Transformation in Russia, Cohen, Stephen S., Schwartz, Andrew, and Zysman, John, eds. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 2450.Google Scholar
Haggard, Stephan, Euijin, Jung, and Melton, Alex (2013), Is China Subsidizing the DPRK? Part One: Food (https://piie.com/blogs/north-korea-witness-transformation/china-subsidizing-dprk-part-one-food) as of June 2016.Google Scholar
Haggard, Stephan, and Noland, Marcus (2007), Famine in North Korea: Markets, Aid and Reform, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Haggard, Stephan, and Noland, Marcus (2009), Repression and Punishment in North Korea: Survey Evidence of Prison Camp Experiences. MPRA Chapter no. 17705.Google Scholar
Haggard, Stephan, and Noland, Marcus (2010), Reform from Below: Behavioral and Institutional Change in North Korea. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 73(2): 133152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, In Sup (2006), The 2004 Revision of Criminal Law in North Korea: A Take-Off? Santa Clara Journal of International Law 5(1): 122133.Google Scholar
Harrison, Mark (1993), Soviet Economic Growth since 1928: The Alternative Statistics of G. I. Khanin, Europe-Asia Studies 45(1): 141167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, Mark (2002), Coercion, Compliance and the Collapse of the Soviet Command Economy. Economic History Review 55(3): 397433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, Mark, and Kim, Byung-Yeon (2006), Plans, Prices and Corruption: The Soviet Firm under Partial Centralization, 1930 to 1990. Journal of Economic History 66(1): 141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Havrylyshyn, Oleh, and McGettigan, Donal (1999), Privatization in Transition Countries: A Sampling of the Literature, Working Paper 99/6, International Monetary Fund.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayek, F. A. (1944), The Road to Serfdom, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hayek, F. A. (1948), Individualism and Economic Order, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Heal, G. (1969), Planning without Prices. Review of Economics Studies 36(3): 347362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinzen, James (2007), The Art of the Bribe: Corruption, Law and Everyday Practice in the Late Stalinist USSR. Slavic Review 66(3): 389412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howard, D. (1976), The Disequilibrium Model in a Controlled Economy: An Empirical Test of the Barro–Grossman Model. American Economic Review 66(5): 871879.Google Scholar
Huntington, S. P. (1968), Political Order in Changing Societies, New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Hwang, Eui-Gak (1993), The Korean Economies: A Comparison of North and South, Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund (2014), Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions, Washington: IMF Publications Services.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund, The World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (1991), A Study of the Soviet Economy, Vol.1. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.Google Scholar
Jeong, Eun-mee, Kim, Philo, Park, Myoung-Kyu, and Song, Young-Hoon (2015), Perceptions on Unification of North Koreans (북한 주민 통일의식), Seoul: Seoul National University Institute for Peace and Unification Studies.Google Scholar
Jeong, Hyung-Gon, Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Lee, Suk (2012), Current Marketization of North Korea and Prospects on Changes in Its Economic System (북한의 시장화 현황과 경제체제의 변화 전망). Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jo, Dongho (1993), Labour Productivity and Optimal Wage in North Korea: A Study on the Quality of North Korean Labour (북한의 노동생산성과 적정임금: 북한 노동력의 질에 관한 고찰). KDI Journal of Economic Policy 15(4): Winter, 3768.Google Scholar
Jung, Eun-Lee (2009), A Study on the Organic Developmental Process of Markets in North Korea: Focusing on the March of Hardship in 1990s (북한의 자생적 시장발전 연구: 1990 년대 고난의 행군 이후를 중심으로). North Korean Issues 52: 157199.Google Scholar
Jung, Seung-Ho (2014), North Korea’s Trade with China: Aggregate and Firm-Level Analysis, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Seoul National University.Google Scholar
Jung, Seung-Ho (2016), Effects of Sanctions on North Korea-China Trade: A Dynamic Panel Analysis, Seoul Journal of Economics 66(3): 481503.Google Scholar
Kang, Moonsung, Lee, Jong-Hwa, and Pyun, Ju Hyun (2014), Benefits of Korean Unification and the Roles of the Unified Korea (남북한 경제통합의 혜택과 한반도 통일국가의 역할), Seoul: Asiatic Research Institute Korea University.Google Scholar
Kenway, Peter, and Chlumsky, Jiri (1997), The Influence of Owners on Voucher Privatised Firms in the Czech Republic. Economics of Transition 5(1): 185193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khanin, Grigorii (1991), Dinamika ekonomicheskogo razvitiia SSSR (The Dynamics of Economic Development of the USSR), Novosibirsk: Nauka.Google Scholar
Khanin, Grigorii, and Selyunin, V. (1987), Lukavaya Tsifra, Novyi Mir, 63(2): 181202.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (1997a), Soviet Household Saving Function. Economics of Planning 30(2): 181203.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (1999), The Income, Savings and Monetary Overhang of Soviet Households. Journal of Comparative Economics 27(4, December): 644668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2002), Causes of Repressed Inflation in the Soviet Consumer Market, 1965–1989: Retail Price Subsidies, the Siphoning Effect and the Budget Deficit. Economic History Review 55(1): 105127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2003), Informal Economy Activities of Soviet Households: Size and Dynamics. Journal of Comparative Economics 31(3, September): 532551.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2005a), Poverty and Informal Economy Participation: Evidence from Romania. Economics of Transition 13(1): 163185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2005b), The Political Constraints of Economic Reforms and Transition: The Implications of Experiences of Former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China for North Korea (사회주의 경제개혁과 체제이행의 정치적 조건). Comparative Economic Studies 12(2): 215251.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2008), North Korean GDP: Estimates and Evaluation (북한의 국민소득: 추정치와 평가), EXIM North Korea Economic Review (Autumn).Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2009a), The Financial System of North Korea: A Comparative Perspective. In Financial Sector Reform in Transition Economies: Implications for North Korea, Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Lim, Cheng-Hoon, eds. Seoul: Seoul National University Press and International Monetary Fund.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2009b), The Marketization of the North Korean Economy: Evaluation of the Informalization Hypothesis (북한경제의 시장화: 비공식화 가설을 중심으로). In North Korean Economy and Society after the July 1st Economic Management Improvement Measures (7·1 경제관리개선조치 이후 북한 경제와 사회), Yoon, Young-kwan and Yang, Un-Chul, eds. Korea Peace Institute Series 2, Seoul: Hanul.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2010a), Markets, Bribery and Regime Stability in North Korea, EAI (East Asia Institute) Asia Security Initiative Working Paper, No. 4.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2010b), Economic Evaluation of North Korean Currency Reform (북한 화폐교환의 경제학적 평가), Korea Peace Institute.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2011), The Determinants of North Korean Economic Growth (북한 경제성장의 결정 요인). POSRI Management and Economic Research 11(1): 6381.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2012), Monetary Integration of the Two Koreas (남북한 화폐통합). In The Government of the Unified Korea, Kim, Byong Seob and Im, Tobin, eds. Seoul: Nanam.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2014a), North Korea’s Economy in the Era of Kim Jong-un (김정은 시대 북한의 경제). In Today’s North Korea, Yoon, Young-kwan ed. Seoul: Neulpoom.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2014b), Economic Vision of the Unified Korea (통일 한국의 경제 비전). In National Image of the Unified Korea and Cooperation between Korea and China, Bae, Jung Ho, et al., Seoul: Korea Institute for National Unification.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon (2015), Transition and Integration: Scenarios, Strategies and Policies (체제전환과 경제통합: 시나리오, 전략 및 정책) in Economic Integration of the Two Koreas: Strategies and Policies, Lee, Jangro, Kim, Byung-Yeon and Yang, Un-Chul, eds. Seoul: Hanul.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Jung, Seung-Ho (2015), China’s Trade and Investment with North Korea: Firm Surveys in Dandong, (중국의 대북무역과 투자: 단둥시 현지기업 조사), Seoul: Institute for Peace and Unification studies, Seoul National University.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Kang, Youngho (2014), Social Capital and Entrepreneurial Activity: A Pseudo-Panel Approach. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organisation 97(Jan.): 4760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, Kim, Suk-Jin, and Lee, Keun (2007), Assessing the Economic Performance of North Korea, 1954–1989: Estimates and Growth Accounting Analysis. Journal of Comparative Economics 35(3): 564582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Koh, Yu Mi (2011), The Informal Economy and Bribery in North Korea. Asian Economic Papers 10(3): 104117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Park, Jieun (2016), Financial Systems and Enterprise Restructuring in Eastern Europe, Eastern European Economics 54(6): 503520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Pirtilla, Jukka (2006), Political Constraints and Economic Reform: Empirical Evidence from Post-Communist Transition in the 1990s. Journal of Comparative Economics 34(3): 446466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Roland, Gerard (2012), Scenarios for a Transition to a Prosperous Market Economy in North Korea. International Economic Journal 26(3): 511539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Song, Dongho (2008), The Participation of North Korean Households in the Informal Economy: Size, Determinants and Effect. Seoul Journal of Economics 21(2): 361385.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, Wang, Jin, and Xu, Chenggang (2014), Understanding Firms in Transition Economies: China and Central-Eastern Europe Compared, Paper presented at the Pacific Rim Economics Conference, Hawaii.Google Scholar
Kim, Byung-Yeon, and Yang, Moon Soo (2012), Markets and the State in the North Korean Economy (북한 경제에서의 시장과 정부), Seoul: Seoul National University Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Il-sung (1982, 1983, 1985), Collected Works of Kim Il-sung (김일성 저작집), Pyongyang: Korea Workers’ Party Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Jong-Wook (2006), A Study on the Transformation of the Bureaucracy and Ruling Structure in North Korea (북한의 관료체제와 지배구조의 변동에 관한 연구), PhD Dissertation submitted to Dongguk University, South Korea.Google Scholar
Kim, Keun-Sik, and Lee, Mu-Cheol (2007), Military-First Politics and Building a Strong and Prosperous Country of North Korea, (북한의 선군 정치와 강성대국론). Research on Unification Issues 48(2): 6994.Google Scholar
Kim, Suk-Jin (2007), The Reconstruction of North Korean Industries Using Trade Data (무역통계로 본 북한의 산업재건 실태), KIET Issue Paper Series 2007–223.Google Scholar
Kim, Suk-Jin (2013), Factors of Increases in Economic Co-operations between North Korea and China and their Effects on the North Korean Economy (북중경협 확대 요인과 북한경제에 대한 영향). KDI North Korean Economic Review January 2013.Google Scholar
Kim, Suk-Jin (2014c), North Korean Trade Statistics: Analysis and Evaluation (북한 무역통계: 해설과 평가) in Understanding the North Korean Economy through Statistics (통계를 이용한 북한 경제 이해), Seoul: Bank of Korea.Google Scholar
Kim, Yeon-chul (1997b), Crisis in North Korea’s Rationing System and Prospects on Market Reform (북한 배급제의 위기와 시장개혁 전망), Seoul: Samsung Economic Research Institute.Google Scholar
Kim, Yeonho (2014d), Use of Mobile Phones in North Korea, US-Korea Institute at SAIS (http://uskoreainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Kim-Yonho-Cell-Phones-in-North-Korea-Korean.pdf) (as of June 2016).Google Scholar
Kimura, Mitsuhiko (2001), North Korean Economy from Emergence to Collapse (북한의 경제: 기원·형성·붕괴), translated by Kim, H., Seoul: Hyean.Google Scholar
Korea Development Institute (KDI) (2009), Main Contents of the North Korean Currency Reform in 2009 and its Effects (2009년 북한 화폐개혁의 주요 내용 및 영향). KDI Review of the North Korean Economy December: 2937.Google Scholar
Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP) and Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade (KIET), (2011), Plan for Pursuing Economic Community of the Two Koreas (남북경제공동체 추진 구상), Seoul: Research Report Submitted to Ministry of Unification.Google Scholar
Korea Institute for National Unification (2011), Trends of Kim Jong-il’s Spot Guidance, 1994–2011 (김정일의 현지지도 동향, 1994–2011), Research Report, Seoul: Korea Institute for National Unification.Google Scholar
Korea National Statistical Office (2012, 2013), Economic Statistics of North Korea (북한의 주요통계 지표), Seoul: Korea National Statistical Office.Google Scholar
Kornai, J. (1971), Anti-Equilibrium, Amsterdam: North Holland.Google Scholar
Kornai, J. (1986a), Economics of Shortage, Amsterdam: North Holland.Google Scholar
Kornai, J. (1986b), The Soft Budget Constraint. Kyklos 39(1): 330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kornai, J. (1990), The Road to a Free Economy: Shifting from a Socialist System; The Example of Hungary, Norton: New York.Google Scholar
Kornai, J. (1992), The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kornai, J., Maskin, E., and Roland, G. (2003), Understanding the Soft Budget Constraint. Journal of Economic Literature 41(4): 10951136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lange, Thomas, and Pugh, Geoffrey (1998), The Economics of German Unification, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lau, L., Qian, Y., and Roland, G. (2000), Reform without Losers: An Interpretation of China’s Dual-Track Approach to Reforms. Journal of Political Economy 108(1): 120143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Jong-Kyu (2015), What Determines the DPRK’s Anthracite Exports to China?: Implications for the DPRK’s Economy (북한의 대중 무연탄 수출 감소: 원인과 의미), KDI Journal of Economic Policy 37(2): 4063.Google Scholar
Lee, Ki-baik (1984), A New History of Korea, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Lee, Seog Ki, Kim, Suk-Jin, and Yang, Moon Soo (2012), Dollarization in North Korea (북한의 외화통용 실태 분석), KIET Research Report 2012–656.Google Scholar
Lee, Seog Ki, and Lee, Seung-Yup (2014), The Situations of North Korean Firms in the 2000s (2000 년대 북한기업 현황), Seoul: Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade Press, 2014–13.Google Scholar
Lee, Shinhyo (1992), The Characteristics and Superiority of the New System of Foreign Trade (새로운 무역체계의 본질적 특성과 우월성). Economic Studies 4(2).Google Scholar
Lee, Suk (2004), North Korean Famine: Occurrence, Impacts and Characteristics (1994–2000 년 북한기근: 발생, 충격 그리고 특징). Working Paper 04–20, Korea Institute for National Unification.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk (2007a), North Korean Statistics: Availability and Reliability (북한의통계: 가용성과 신뢰성). Korean Institute for National Unification Research Paper 0717.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk (2009), North Korea Markets: Estimate of Size and Analysis of their Structure (북한의 시장: 규모 추정과 구조분석). KDI Policy Research Report, 2009–12.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk, ed. (2012), A Study of Inter-Korean Economic Integration: Strategies and Policy Issues for Economic Reform and Transition in North Korea (남북한 경제통합 연구: 북한 경제의 개혁 및 이행 전략), KDI Research Report, Seoul: Korea Development Institute.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk, ed. (2013), Economic Foundation of North-South Korean Integration (남북통합의 경제적 기초: 이론, 이슈, 정책), KDI Policy Research Series, 2013–04.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk, et al. (2013), Determinants of Trade between North Korea and China: Analysis of Trade and Survey Data (북중무역의 결정요인: 무역통계와 서베이 데이터의 분석), KDI Research Report, 2013–05.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk, and Lee, Jae-Ho (2012), Trade between South Korea and North Korea and Changes in Trade between North Korea and China after the 5.24 Sanction: Data and Implications (5.24 조치 이후 남북 교역과 북중무역의 변화: 데이터와 시사점), KDI North Korean Economic Review May 2012.Google Scholar
Lee, Suk, Lee, Jae-Ho, Kim, Suk-Jin, and Choi, Soo-Young (2010), The Analysis and Reconstruction of North Korean Trade Data 1990–2008 (1990–2008 년 북한무역통계의 분석과 재구성), KDI Research Report, 2010–07.Google Scholar
Lee, Yong-Hwa (2013), Evaluation of the Period Three Years after the North Korean Currency Reform (북한 2009년 화폐개혁 3년 평가), Unification Economy, 2013, No. 1, Hyundai Research Institute, pp. 7586.Google Scholar
Lee, Young-Hoon (2000), A Study on Economic Growth and Accumulation Mechanism in North Korea, 1956–64: An Analysis of Kaleckian CGE Model (북한의 경제성장 및 축적체제에 관한 연구, (1954–1964년) Kaleckian CGE 모델 분석). PhD Thesis submitted to Korea University, Seoul.Google Scholar
Lee, Young-Hoon (2005), The Spontaneous Marketization and Development of North Korean Economic Reform (북한의 자생적 시장화와 경제개혁의 전개). Research on Unification Issues 44: 2554.Google Scholar
Lee, Young-Hoon (2006), The Status of North Korea-China Trade and its Impact on North Korean Economy (북중무역의 현황과 북한경제에 미치는 영향). Finance and Economic Studies, Bank of Korea Issue 246.Google Scholar
Lee, Young-Hoon (2007b). A Survey of North Korean Economic Conditions Using Data from Refugees’ Survey (탈북자를 통한 북한경제 변화 상황 조사), Bank of Korea.Google Scholar
Lee, Young-Sun (2003), Unification Costs of the Korean Peninsula and Its Financing Methods (한반도의 통일비용과 그 조달 방법). in Handbook of Korea Unification IV Sung-hee, Jwa, Chung-In, Moon, and Roh, Jeong-Ho, eds. Seoul: Korea Economic Research Institute.Google Scholar
Leff, N. H. (1964), Economic Development through Bureaucratic Corruption. American Behavioral Scientist 8(3): 814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lim, Kang-Taeg (2009), A Study on the Marketization of the North Korean Economy, Korea Institute for National Unification (북한 경제의 시장화 실태에 관한 연구), Research Paper Series 09–04.Google Scholar
Lim, Kang-Taeg, Yang, Moon Soo, and Lee, Seog Ki (2011), A Study on North Korea’s Official Economy for Understanding the Costs and the Benefits of Unification (통일비용 편익 추계를 위한 북한공식경제부문의 실태 연구), Korea Institute for National Unification Working Paper 2011–03.Google Scholar
Lin, Justin, Cai, Fang, and Li, Zhou (2003), The China Miracle: Development Strategy and Economic Reform, revised ed. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.Google Scholar
Little, Ian, Scitovsky, Tibor, and Scott, Maurice (1970), Industry and Trade in Some Developing Countries: A Comparative Study, London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Maddison, Angus (1995), Monitoring the World Economy, 1820–1992, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.Google Scholar
Maddison, Angus (1998), Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinelli, Cesar, and Tommasi, Mariano (1997), Sequencing of Economic Reforms in the Presence of Political Constraints. Economics and Politics 9(2): 115131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauro, P. (1995), Corruption and Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 110(3): 681712.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKinnon, Ronald (1991), The Order of Economic Liberalization, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.Google Scholar
McMillan, John, and Naughton, Barry (1992), How to Reform a Planned Economy: Lessons from China. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 8(1): 130143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMillan, John, Whalley, John, and Zhu, Lijing (1989), The Impact of China’s Economic Reforms on Agricultural Productivity Growth, Journal of Political Economy 97(4): 781807.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMillan, John, and Woodruff, Christopher (2002), The Central Role of Entrepreneurs in Transition Economies. Journal of Economic Perspectives 16(3): 153170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Megginson, William, and Netter, Jeffry (2001), From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization. Journal of Economic Literature 39(2): 321389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Unification, Republic of Korea (1990), Comparative Studies on South and North Korean Economy for Forty-Five Years since Division (분단 45년 남북한경제의 종합적 비교연구), Seoul: Ministry of Unification.Google Scholar
Mun, Sung Min (2008), An Empirical Analysis on North Korean Prices and Exchange Rates: Employing the Purchasing Power Parity Theory (구매력평가이론에 근거한 북한 가격 및 환율 분석), Research on Unification Policy 17(2): 83115.Google Scholar
Mun, Sung Min, and Yoo, Byoung Hark (2012), The Effects of Inter-Korean Integration Type on Economic Performance: The Role of Wage Policy. International Economic Journal 26(3): 447470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, K., Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. (1991), The Allocation of Talent: Implications for Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 106(2): 503530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, K., Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. (1992), The Transition to a Market Economy: Pitfalls of Partial Reform. Quarterly Journal of Economics 107(3): 889906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murrell, Peter (1995), The Transition According to Cambridge, Mass. Journal of Economic Literature 33(1)(March): 164–78.Google Scholar
Mussa, Michael L. (1984), The Adjustment Process and the Timing of Trade Liberalization, NBER working paper, No. 1458.Google Scholar
Nakagawa, Masahiko (2003), The Formation of North Korean Yeonhap Giupso (북한 연합기업소의 형성). KDI North Korean Review, 2003–3, pp. 4875.Google Scholar
Nanto, D., and Chanlett-Avery, E. (2008), The North Korean Economy: Leverage and Policy Analysis, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service.Google Scholar
National Assembly Budget Office (2014), Economic Effects of the Unification of the Korean Peninsula (한반도 통일의 경제적 효과), Seoul: National Assembly Budget Office.Google Scholar
Naughton, Barry (1996), Growing Out of the Plan: Chinese Economic Reform, 1978–1993, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Naughton, Barry (2007), The Chinese Economy: Transition and Growth, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Nellis, John (2002), The World Bank, Privatization and Enterprise Reform in Transition Economies: A Retrospective Analysis, Washington DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Neumann, Manfred (1992), German Unification: Economic Problems and Consequences. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 36: 163210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niwa, Haruki, and Goto, Fujio (1989), Estimates of the North Korean Gross Domestic Product Account 1956–1959. Asian Economic Journal 3(1, March): 133169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noland, Marcus, Robinson, Sherman, and Wang, Tao (2001), Famine in North Korea: Causes and Cures. Economic Development and Cultural Change 49(4): 741767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, Douglass (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, Douglass (2005), Understanding the Process of Institutional Change, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North Korean Resources Institute (2013), Reserves of North Korea’s Natural Resources (<통계자료> 북한 지하자원 매장량), mimeo.+북한+지하자원+매장량),+mimeo.>Google Scholar
Ofer, G., and Vinokur, A. (1992), The Soviet Household under the Old Regime, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Park, Hyeong-Jung (2002), System of North Korean Economic Management (북한의 경제관리체계), Seoul: Hainaim.Google Scholar
Park, Keong-Suk (2012), The Economic Hardship and Famine Since the 1990s in North Korea and Its Impact on the Population Dynamics (북한의 식량난 및 기근과 인구변동). Study on Unification Policy 21(1): 127156.Google Scholar
Park, Myoung-Kyu et al. (2010), Flexible and Complex Unification (연성복합통일론), Seoul: Seoul National University Institute for Peace and Unification Studies.Google Scholar
Portes, R. (1981), Macroeconomic Equilibrium and Disequilibrium in Centrally Planned Economies. Economic Inquiry XIX: 559578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portes, R., Quandt, R. E., Winter, D., and Yeo, S. (1987), Macroeconomic Planning and Disequilibrium: Estimates for Poland, 1955–80. Econometrica 55(1): 1941.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portes, R., Quandt, R. E., Winter, D., and Yeo, S. (1988), Tests of the Chronic Shortage Hypothesis: The Case of Poland. Review of Economics and Statistics 70(2): 288295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, Yingyi, and Roland, Gerard (1998), Federalism and the Soft Budget Constraint. American Economic Review 88(5): 11431162.Google Scholar
Qian, Yingyi, Roland, Gerard, and Xu, Chenggang (2006), Coordination and Experimentation in M-Form and U-Form Organisations. Journal of Political Economy 114(2): 366402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, Yingyi, and Xu, Chenggang (1993), Why China’s Economic Reforms Differ: The M-Form Hierarchy and Entry/Expansion of the Non-State Sector. Economics of Transition 1(2): 135170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhee, Yeongseop (2009), Currency Conversion during the Period of Transition: The Case of North Korea. In Financial Sector Reform in Transition Economies: Implications for North Korea, Kim, Byung-Yeon and Lim, Cheng-Hoon, eds. Seoul: Seoul National University Press and IMF.Google Scholar
Roberts, Andrew and Kim, Byung-Yeon (2011), Policy Responsiveness in Post-Communist Europe: Public Preferences and Economic Reforms. British Journal of Political Science 41(4): 819839.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, W., Courtland, Myung, Lee, Ken, Hill, Kenneth, and Burnham, Gilbert (1999), Mortality in North Korean Migrant Households: A Retrospective Study. Lancet 354(July–December): 291295.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rock, M., and Bonnett, H. (2004), The Comparative Politics of Corruption: Accounting for the East Asian Paradox in Empirical Studies of Corruption Growth and Investment. World Development 32(6): 9991017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodrik, Dani (1989), Credibility of Trade Reform: A Policy Maker’s Guide. The World Economy 12(1): 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roland, G. (2000), Transition and Economics: Politics, Markets and Firms, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Roland, G. (2008), Transposable and Non-Transposable Lessons from the Transition Experience. Seoul Journal of Economics 21(2): 265283.Google Scholar
Rose-Ackerman, S. (1978), Corruption: A Study in Political Economy, New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Sabirianova, Klara Peter, Svejnar, Jan, and Terrell, Katherine (2012), Foreign Investment, Corporate Ownership, and Development: Are Firms in Emerging Markets Catching Up to the World Standard? The Review of Economics and Statistics 94(4): 981999.Google Scholar
Sachs, Jeffrey, and Woo, Wing Thye (1994), Structural Factors in the Economic Reforms of China, Eastern Europe, and the Former Soviet Union. Economic Policy 9(April): 101145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sah, R. (1987), Queues, Rations and Market: Comparisons of Outcomes for the Poor and the Rich. American Economic Review 77: 6977.Google Scholar
Schroeder, G. (1997), The Soviet Economy and the Fate of the USSR, mimeo, June 1997.Google Scholar
Sell, Friedrich (1995), The Currency Conversion Controversy. MOCT-MOST 5: 2753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. (1993), Corruption. Quarterly Journal of Economics 108(3): 599617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. (1998), The Grabbing Hand: Government Pathologies and Their Cures, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam (1976), An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Campbell, R. H., Skinner, A. S., and Todd, W. B., eds. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Staehr, Karsten (2005), Reforms and Economic Growth in Transition Economies: Complementarity, Sequencing and Speed. European Journal of Comparative Economics 2: 177202.Google Scholar
Sung, Hankyoung (2014), The Effects of Economic Integration between South and North Korea (남북한 경제통합의 효과), Seoul: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.Google Scholar
Treml, Vladimir G., and Alexeev, Michael (1994), The Growth of the Second Economy in the Soviet Union and Its Impact on the System. In The Postcommunist Economic Transformation, Campbell, Robert W., ed., Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 221247.Google Scholar
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (1998), Thematic Roundtable Meeting on Agricultural Recovery and Environmental Protection in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.Google Scholar
Van Wijnbergen, Sweder (1992), Intertemporal Speculation, Shortage and the Political Economy of the Price Reform. Economic Journal 102(November): 13951406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weitzman, M. (1980), The ‘Ratchet Principle’ and Performance Incentives. Bell Journal of Economics 1980: 302308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wellisz, S., and Findlay, R. (1986), Central Planning and the ‘Second Economy’ in Soviet-type Systems. Economic Journal 96: 646658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolf, Charles Jr., and Akramov, Kamil, (2005), North Korean Paradoxes: Circumstances, Costs and Consequences of Korean Unification, Santa Monica: RAND Institute.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woo, Wing Thye (1994), The Art of Reforming Centrally Planned Economies: Comparing China, Poland and Russia. Journal of Comparative Economics 18(3): 276308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, Chenggang (2011), The Fundamental Institutions of China’s Reforms and Development. Journal of Economic Literature 49:(4): 10761151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Moon Soo (2001), The Structure of the North Korean Economy: Mechanism for Economic Development and Decline (북한경제의 구조: 경제개발과 침체의 메커니즘), Seoul: Seoul National University Press.Google Scholar
Yang, Moon Soo (2008), Institutions and Practice of North Korean Trade (북한 무역의 제도와 실태), KDI Research Report.Google Scholar
Yang, Moon Soo (2010a), North Korea’s Marketization during the Repression Period, 2007–2009: Facts and Implications (시장억제기 북한의 시장화: 실태와 함의 2007–2009). Symposium Chapter presented at Institute for Peace and Unification Studies, Seoul National University.Google Scholar
Yang, Moon Soo (2010b), The Marketization in North Korean Economy (북한경제의 시장화), Seoul: Hanul.Google Scholar
Yoon, Suk-Bum (1986), Macroeconometric Analysis of North Korea’s Economy (북한 경제의 거시계량적 분석), mimeo, Ministry of Unification.Google Scholar
Yoon, Young-kwan and Yang, Un-chul, eds. (2009), Economic and Social Change in North Korea after the July 1st Economic Measures: From Plan to Market? (7.1. 경제관리 개선 조치 이후 북한 경제와 사회: 계획에서 시장으로), Seoul: Hanul.Google Scholar
Yu, Shi-Eun, Kim, Byung-Yeon, Jeon, Woo-Taek, and Seung-Ho, Jung (2012), Determinants of Labour Market Participation and Wages of North Korean Female Refugees in South Korea. Asian Economic Policy Review 7(1): 113129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zang, Hyoung Soo (2009), Balance of Foreign Exchanges of North Korea from 2000 to 2008 (북한의 2000년대 외화수급 추정). Comparative Economic Studies 16(2): 148.Google Scholar
Zang, Hyoung Soo (2013), Estimation and Analysis on the Balance of Foreign Exchanges of North Korea for 1991–2012 (북한의 외화수급 추정과 분석: 1991–2012년). Studies on Unification Policies 22(2): 165190.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Byung-Yeon Kim, Seoul National University
  • Book: Unveiling the North Korean Economy
  • Online publication: 01 June 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316874882.006
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Byung-Yeon Kim, Seoul National University
  • Book: Unveiling the North Korean Economy
  • Online publication: 01 June 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316874882.006
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Byung-Yeon Kim, Seoul National University
  • Book: Unveiling the North Korean Economy
  • Online publication: 01 June 2017
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316874882.006
Available formats
×