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BenedictRuth, , The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, 2nd edn, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1967
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Colenbrander, H. T. (ed.), Dagh-Register Gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant Passerende als over Geheel Nederlandts-India Anno 1636, Batavia: G. Kolff, 1899
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Conger, Mrs Sarah Pike, Letters from China, with Particular Reference to the Empress Dowager and the Women of China, Chicago: A. C. McClurg, 1909
Cranmer-Byny, John L., An Embassy to China: Being the Journal Kept by Lord Macartney during His Embassy to the Emperor of Ch'ien-lung 1793–1794, London: Longman, 1962
Cressey, George B., China's Geographic Foundations: A Survey of the Land and its People, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1934
Cressy-Marcks, Violet, Journey into China, London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1940
Davis, H. R., Yunnan: The Link between India and the Yangtze, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1909
Davis, John F., China during the War and since the Peace, 2 vols., London: Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans, 1852
Dermigny, Louis (ed.), Les Memoires de Charles de Contant sur le commerce à la Chine, Paris: Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études, 1964
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Downing, C. Toogood, The Fan-Qui's Visit to the Celestial Empire in 1836–7, 3 vols., London: H. Colburn, 1838
Esherick, Joseph W. ‘Ten Theses on the Chinese Revolution’, Modern China, 21 (1995), 45–76
Etherton, P. T., The Crisis in China, Boston: Little Brown, 1927
Fairbank, John K., Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953
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Johnson, David, Nathan, Andrew and Rawski, Evelyn S. (eds.) Popular Culture in Late Imperial China, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985
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‘Journal of Occurrences’, Chinese Repository II, 4 (1834), 574; II, 12 (1834), 574; V, 3 (1836), 138, 142, 143; XIV, 11 (1845), 544; VI, 4 (1847), 179
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Lary, Diana, Warlord Soldiers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985
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Lockyer, Charles, An Account of the Trade in India: Containing Rules for Good Government in Trade, Price Courants, and Tables, London: S. Crouch, 1711
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