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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 July 2011
Albania, Armenia, Australia*, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus*, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, European Communities, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland*, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Mongolia, the Netherlands, Norway*, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federationˆ, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan
* – denotes state in which ratification of the Energy Charter Treaty is still pending
ˆ – the Russian Federation signed the Energy Charter Treaty and was applying it provisionally until 18 October 2009 inclusive
Observers to the Energy Charter Conference
Afghanistan**, Algeria, Bahrain, Canada**, China, Egypt°, Indonesia**, Iran, Jordan**, Korea, Kuwait, Morocco, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan**, Palestinian National Authority, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Serbia**, Syria**, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, United States of America**, Venezuela
International Organisations with Observer Status
ASEAN, BASREC, BSEC, CIS Electric Power Council, EBRD, IEA, OECD, UN-ECE, World Bank, WTO
** – denotes observer state which has signed the 1991 Energy Charter
° – denotes observer state in which signing of the 1991 Energy Charter is pending
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