Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Experiment: Detecting Single Quantum Objects
- 2 Description of Quantum Systems in Terms of the Density Matrix
- 3 Experiment: Quantum Processes
- 4 Evolution
- 5 Measurement
- 6 Experiment: Bipartite Systems
- 7 Entanglement
- 8 Experiment: Continuous Quantum Fluctuations
- 9 Continuous Variable Systems
- 10 Experiment: Parameter Estimation
- 11 Theory: Parameter Estimation
- A Basic Postulates of QuantumMechanics: a Reminder
- B Generalized Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
- C Description of Composite Systems
- D Qubits
- E Quantum Particle
- F Quantum Electromagnetic Field
- G Interaction between Light and Atoms
- H Interaction between Light Beams and Linear OpticalMedia
- I Interaction between Light Beams and Nonlinear OpticalMedia
- J Optomechanics
- K Basics of Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
- References
- Index
4 - Evolution
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 July 2023
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Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Experiment: Detecting Single Quantum Objects
- 2 Description of Quantum Systems in Terms of the Density Matrix
- 3 Experiment: Quantum Processes
- 4 Evolution
- 5 Measurement
- 6 Experiment: Bipartite Systems
- 7 Entanglement
- 8 Experiment: Continuous Quantum Fluctuations
- 9 Continuous Variable Systems
- 10 Experiment: Parameter Estimation
- 11 Theory: Parameter Estimation
- A Basic Postulates of QuantumMechanics: a Reminder
- B Generalized Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
- C Description of Composite Systems
- D Qubits
- E Quantum Particle
- F Quantum Electromagnetic Field
- G Interaction between Light and Atoms
- H Interaction between Light Beams and Linear OpticalMedia
- I Interaction between Light Beams and Nonlinear OpticalMedia
- J Optomechanics
- K Basics of Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
- References
- Index
Summary
This chapter presents the theoretical framework that allows us to describe evolutions in the general case using Kraus operators as the main tool. It considers in detail the phenomenon of decoherence and gives examples of such maps. It shows that any evolution can be considered as unitary by going in a larger Hilbert space. The Lindblad equation for the evolution of the density matrix appears as a particular case of evolution in the short memory or Markov approximation. Up-jumps and down-jumps are also described within this framework using cavity damping, spontaneous emission, and the shelving technique as examples.
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- Chapter
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- Quantum Processes and MeasurementTheory and Experiment, pp. 44 - 65Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023