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Chapter 2 - The effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on the human reproductive system

from Section 1 - Introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2011

By
W. H. B. Wallace ,
R. A. Anderson  and
D. Meirow
Edited by
Jacques Donnez  and
S. Samuel Kim
Jacques Donnez
Affiliation:
Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
S. Samuel Kim
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
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Summary

Cancer is more common after puberty during the reproductive life span of men and women, and many of the patients will be cured by combination treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The model of human ovarian reserve allows us to estimate the number of non-growing follicles (NGFs) present in the ovary at any given age, and it suggests that 81% of the variance in NGF populations is due to age alone. The ovary is susceptible to chemotherapy-induced damage, particularly following treatment with alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide. Ovarian damage is drug- and dose-dependent and is related to age at the time of treatment, with progressively smaller doses required to produce ovarian failure with increasing age. Preventing chemotherapy-induced damage to the ovary or testes remains an elusive ideal in the field of fertility preservation. Both chemotherapy and radiotherapy can impair future fertility, and treatments for certain cancers can be sterilizing.
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Principles and Practice of Fertility Preservation , pp. 11 - 22
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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