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5 - The lyric persona: Nerval's ‘El Desdichado’

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2011

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Summary

Je suis le ténébreux, – le veuf, – l'inconsolé,

Le prince d'Aquitaine à la tour abolie:

Ma seule étoile est morte, – et mon luth constellé

Porte le Soleil noir de la Mélancolie.

Dans la nuit du tombeau, toi qui m'as consolé,

Rends-moi le Pausilippe et la mer d'ltalie,

La fleur qui plaisait tant à mon coeur désolé,

Et la treille où le pampre à la rose s'allie.

Suis-je Amour ou Phébus? … Lusignan ou Biron?

Mon front est rouge encor du baiser de la reine;

J'ai rêvé dans la grotte où nage la syrène …

Et j'ai deux fois vainqueur traversé l'Achéron:

Modulant tour à tour sur la lyre d'Orphée

Les soupirs de la sainte et les cris de la fée.

The first impression this sonnet makes on the reader is one of inscrutability. Indeed, Nerval's commentary on the eight poems that comprise Les Chimères was that ‘ils ne sont guère plus obscurs que la métaphysique d'Hegel ou les Mémorables de Swedenborg, et perdraient de leur charme à être expliqués, si la chose était possible’. None the less, Nerval's personal belief was that everything signifies, and that the occurrences, places and names one encounters every day are signs of one's destiny, meant to be deciphered. In fact, in the sonnet, each name, place and event is a sign rife with meaning for the destiny of El Desdichado, the Disinherited One.

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Nineteenth-Century French Poetry
Introductions to Close Reading
, pp. 86 - 102
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1990

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