Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 November 2024
The oculomotor nerve, aka cranial nerve III, originates from its nucleus in the midbrain (middle), at the level of the superior colliculus, travels through the cavernous sinus, exiting the skull through the superior orbital fissure, and innervates the majority of the extraocular muscles (five in all: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris). A complete lesion of the oculomotor nerve will produce weakness of eye elevation and adduction, thus leading to a resting position of depression and abduction. Hence down and out.
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