Book contents
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Abbreviations list
- Foreword
- Preface
- Section I Introduction
- Section II Clinical trial methodology
- 6 Measures of neurological impairment and disability in multiple sclerosis
- 7 Assessment of neuropsychological function in multiple sclerosis
- 8 Health-related quality of life assessment in multiple sclerosis
- 9 Measures of acute and chronic lesions visualized by conventional magnetic resonance imaging
- 10 Measures of magnetization transfer
- 11 Measurement of CNS atrophy
- 12 Axonal pathology in patients with multiple sclerosis
- 13 Imaging of gray matter lesions in multiple sclerosis
- 14 Functional imaging in multiple sclerosis
- 15 Diffusion imaging in multiple sclerosis
- 16 The use of MRI in multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 17 Optical coherence tomography to monitor axonal and neuronal integrity in multiple sclerosis
- 18 The process of drug development and approval in the United States, the European Union, and Asia
- 19 Selection, interpretation, and development of end-points for multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 20 The challenge of demonstrating long-term benefit of disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis
- 21 The growing need for alternative clinical trial designs for multiple sclerosis
- 22 Ethical considerations in multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 23 Pharmacogenomics and related discovery-driven approaches in multiple sclerosis
- 24 Neutralizing antibodies directed against biologic agents to treat multiple sclerosis
- Section III Clinical trials of multiple sclerosis therapies
- Section IV Therapy in clinical practice
- Index
- Plate Section
11 - Measurement of CNS atrophy
from Section II - Clinical trial methodology
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 December 2011
Book contents
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Abbreviations list
- Foreword
- Preface
- Section I Introduction
- Section II Clinical trial methodology
- 6 Measures of neurological impairment and disability in multiple sclerosis
- 7 Assessment of neuropsychological function in multiple sclerosis
- 8 Health-related quality of life assessment in multiple sclerosis
- 9 Measures of acute and chronic lesions visualized by conventional magnetic resonance imaging
- 10 Measures of magnetization transfer
- 11 Measurement of CNS atrophy
- 12 Axonal pathology in patients with multiple sclerosis
- 13 Imaging of gray matter lesions in multiple sclerosis
- 14 Functional imaging in multiple sclerosis
- 15 Diffusion imaging in multiple sclerosis
- 16 The use of MRI in multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 17 Optical coherence tomography to monitor axonal and neuronal integrity in multiple sclerosis
- 18 The process of drug development and approval in the United States, the European Union, and Asia
- 19 Selection, interpretation, and development of end-points for multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 20 The challenge of demonstrating long-term benefit of disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis
- 21 The growing need for alternative clinical trial designs for multiple sclerosis
- 22 Ethical considerations in multiple sclerosis clinical trials
- 23 Pharmacogenomics and related discovery-driven approaches in multiple sclerosis
- 24 Neutralizing antibodies directed against biologic agents to treat multiple sclerosis
- Section III Clinical trials of multiple sclerosis therapies
- Section IV Therapy in clinical practice
- Index
- Plate Section
Summary
Image analysis software allows for quantitative estimation of widths, areas, and/or volumes of central nervous system (CNS) structures directly from digital images. Although atrophy is not pathologically specific, it primarily reflects irreversible tissue loss due to multiple sclerosis (MS), and therefore, it is a valuable marker of disease severity. Brain atrophy can be detected very early in the course of MS, and appears to progress almost from disease onset. Current evidence suggests that atrophy correlates better with neurologic measures of disability than do conventional lesion measurements. Atrophy is an attractive component of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based outcome assessment in MS clinical trials because it reflects diffuse pathologic processes that are not accounted for by lesion measurements, and yet it can still be measured from images acquired with conventional MRI pulse sequences. Gray matter atrophy may provide a feasible measure of the extent of cortical pathology.
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- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics , pp. 128 - 149Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011
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