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Chapter 57 - Clinical Neurophysiology in Movement Disorders

from Section 5: - Objectifying Movement Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2025

By
John N. Caviness
Edited by
Erik Ch. Wolters  and
Christian R. Baumann
Erik Ch. Wolters
Affiliation:
Universität Zürich
Christian R. Baumann
Affiliation:
Universität Zürich
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Summary

Movement disorders arise from dysfunctional physiology within the motor and movement systems of the nervous system, and can involve multiple anatomic locations. A myriad of electrophysiologic manifestations can be detected in electromyography (EMG), electroencephalography (EEG), and other methods. Technical factors must be carefully considered and technical quality should be monitored throughout. Surface EMG provides the basis for the electrophysiologic examination of movement disorders. EEG is important for establishing cortical genesis as well as consciousness state determination during the movement disorder. Tremors of different etiologies may have different frequencies and activation characteristics that are best discovered on analysis of surface EMG characteristics. Also, classification of myoclonus physiology needs electrophysiologic testing. Proper myoclonus classification forms the best approach to symptomatic treatment strategy. Results from this testing provide important supplemental information, which can be used for a more exact diagnosis that leads to treatment.

Keywords

MyoclonusEEGEMGneurophysiologycerebral cortexbrainstemspinal cordepilepsytremordystonia
Type
Chapter
Information
International Compendium of Movement Disorders , pp. 704 - 715
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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