Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 March 2020
Horror and Inspiration in Vienna
AT THE COMPLETION of his three-year apprenticeship at the chemist’s shop Zum weißen Engel in October 1908, Trakl moved from Salzburg to Vienna to undertake two years of pharmacy studies. It is clear from his own accounts that the cruelty and indifference of the modern metropolis made a strong impression on the young man accustomed to the more sedate environment and relative security of his provincial hometown. In a letter to his older sister Hermine, written after just a few days in the city, he portrayed his arrival there as a kind of unmasking, a lifting of the protective veil of subjectivity and a shocking exposure to the baseness and ugliness of humanity: “Als ich hier ankam, war es mir, als sähe ich zum ersten Male das Leben so klar wie es ist, ohne alle persönliche Deutung, nackt, voraussetzungslos, als vernähme ich all jene Stimmen, die die Wirklichkeit spricht, die grausamen, peinlich vernehmbar. Und einen Augenblick spürte ich etwas von dem Druck, der auf den Menschen für gewöhnlich lastet, und das Treibende des Schicksals” (HkA, 1/471–72). The vision, he told Hermine, would become intolerable were it to persist, most importantly because it is accompanied by the realization that the same animalistic drives that he sees shaping the lives of his fellow humans are no less powerful within himself, where they even assume demonic form: “Ich glaube, es müßte furchtbar sein, immer so zu leben, im Vollgefühl all der animalischen Triebe, die das Leben durch die Zeiten wälzen. Ich habe die fürchterlichsten Möglichkeiten in mir gefühlt, gerochen, getastet und im Blute die Dämonen heulen hören, die tausend Teufel mit ihren Stacheln, die das Fleisch wahnsinnig machen. Welch entsetzlicher Alp!” (HkA, 1/472). Happily, then, the sensitive twentyone- year-old reassured his older sister that he had been able to shut out his nightmarish vision of unmasked reality by turning his perception inward and attuning his ear to the melodies within himself: “Vorbei! Heute ist diese Vision der Wirklichkeit wieder in nichts versunken, ferne sind mir die Dinge, ferner noch ihre Stimme und ich lausche, ganz beseeltes Ohr, wieder auf die Melodien, die in mir sind, und mein beschwingtes Auge träumt wieder seine Bilder, die schöner sind als alle Wirklichkeit! Ich bin bei mir, bin meine Welt! Meine ganze, schöne Welt, voll unendlichen Wohllauts” (HkA, 1/472).
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