Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T15:25:01.584Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 10 - Imprint and aspiration cytology of abdominal lesions: kidney, adrenals, and gonads

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2016

Pauline M. Chou
Affiliation:
Northwestern University Medical School, Illinois
Paolo Gattuso
Affiliation:
Rush University, Chicago
Vijaya B. Reddy
Affiliation:
Rush University, Chicago
Miguel Reyes-Mugica
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary Sources

Murphy, WM, Grignon, DJ, Perlman, EJ. Tumors of the kidney, bladder and related urinary structures. IN: AFIP Atlas of Tumor Pathology AFIP; 2004.Google Scholar
Shet, T, Viswanathan, S. The cytological diagnosis of paediatric renal tumours. J Clin Pathol 2009;62:961969.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Secondary Sources

Dey, P, Radhika, S, Rajwanshi, A, et al. Aspiration cytology of Wilms tumor. Acta Cytol 1993;4:477482.Google Scholar
Faria, P, Beckwith, JB, Mishra, K, et al. Focal versus diffuse anaplasia in Wilms tumor: new definitions with prognostic significance. Am J Surg Pathol 1996; 20: 909920.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, J, Gibson, S, Sebire, NJ. Expression of ETV6-NTRK3 in classical, cellular and mixed subtypes of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Histopathology 2006; 48:748753.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drut, R. Cytologic characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in fine-needle aspiration cytology: a case report. Diagn Cytopathol 1992;8:374376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gupta, R, Mathur, SR, Singh, P, Sandeep, AS. Cellular mesoblastic nephroma in an infant: report of the cytologic diagnosis of a rare paediatric renal tumor. Diagn Cytopathol 2009;37:377380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Argani, P, Perlman, EJ, Breslow, NE, et al. Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney: a review of 351 cases from the national Wilms Tumor Study Group Pathology Center. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlee, NA, Perkins, LA, Stewart, W, et al. Recurring translocation (10;17) and deletion (14q) in clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007;131(3):446451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drut, R, Pomar, M. Cytologic characteristics of clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): a report of 4 cases. Diagn Cytopathol 1991;7:611614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Portugal, R, Barroca, H. Clear cell sarcoma, cellular mesoblastic nephroma and metanephric adenoma: cytological features and differential diagnosis with Wilms tumour. Cytopathology 2008;19:8085.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Akhtar, M, Ali, MA, Sackey, K, et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney. Diagn Cytopathol 1991;7:3640.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Biegel, JA, Tan, L, Zhang, F, et al. Alterations of the hSNF5/INI1 gene in central nervous system atypical rhabdoid tumors and renal and extrarenal rhabdoid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:34613467.Google ScholarPubMed
Thomson, TA, Klijanienko, J, Couturier, J, et al. Fine-needle aspiration of renal and extrarenal rhabdoid tumors: the experience of the Institut Curie regarding 20 tumors in 13 patients. Cancer Cytopathol 2011;119:4957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ellis, CL, Eble, JN, Subhawong, AP, et al. Clinical heterogeneity of Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma: impact of fusion subtype, age, and stage. Mod Pathol 2014;27:875886.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Radhijka, S, Bakshi, A, Rajwanshi, A, et al. Cytopathology of uncommon malignant renal neoplasms in the pediatric age group. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005;32:281286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tickoo, SK, Reuter, VE. Differential diagnosis of renal tumors with papillary architecture. Adv Anat Pathol 2011;18:120132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bahubeshi, A, Bal, N, Rio Frio, T, et al. Germline DICER1 mutations and familial cystic nephroma. J Med Genet 2010;47:863866.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doros, LA, Rossi, CT, Yang, J, et al. DICER 1 mutations in childhood cystic nephroma and its relationship to DICER1-renal sarcoma. Mod Pathol 2014;27:12671280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drut, R. Cystic nephroma: cytologic findings in fine-needle aspiration cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 1992;8:593595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joshi, VV, Beckwith, JB. Multilocular cyst of the kidney (cystic nephroma) and cystic, partially differentiated nephroblastoma: terminology and criteria for diagnosis. Cancer 1989;64:466479.3.0.CO;2-V>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Argani, P, Beckwith, JB. Metanephric stromal tumor: report of 31 cases of a distinctive pediatric renal neoplasm. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24(7):917926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Assad, L, Resetkova, E, Oliveira, VL, et al. Cytologic features of renal medullary carcinoma. Cancer 2005;105(1):2834.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Calderaro, J, Moroch, J, Pierron, G, et al. SMARCB1/INI1 inactivation in renal medullary carcinoma. Histopathology 2012; 61:428435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erickson, LA, Lloyd, RV, Hartman, R, Thompson, G. Cystic adrenal neoplasms. Cancer. 2004;101(7):15371544.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petit, T, de Lagausie, P, El Ghoneimi, A, et al. Postnatal management of cystic neuroblastoma. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2001;11:411414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sebastiano, C, Zhao, X, Deng, FM, Das, K. Cystic lesions of the adrenal gland: our experience over the last 20 years. Hum Pathol 2013;44:17971803.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ambros, PF, Ambros, IM, Brodeur, GM, et al. International consensus for neuroblastoma molecular diagnostics: report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Biology Committee. Br J Cancer 2009;100:14711482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohn, SL, Pearson, AD, London, WB, et al. The International Risk Group (INRG) classification system: an INRG Task Force report. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:289297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klijanienko, J, Couturier, J, Brisse, H, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic information obtained on fine-needle aspirates of primary neuroblastic tumors: proposal for a cytology prognostic score. Cancer Cytopathol 2011;119:411423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dehner, LP, Hill, DA. Adrenal cortical neoplasms in children: why so many carcinomas and yet so many survivors? Pediatr Dev Pathol 2009;12:281291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lloyd, RV. Adrenal cortical tumors, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Modern Pathol 2011; 24:S5865.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Magro, G, Esposito, G, Cecchetto, G, et al. Pediatric adrenocortical tumors: morphological diagnostic criteria and immunohistochemical expression: results from the Italian Pediatric Rare Tumor (TREP) study project. Human Pathol 2012;43:3139.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wieneke, J, Thompson, LDR, Heffess, CS. Adrenal cortical neoplasms in the pediatric population. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27:867881.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fishbeina, L, Nathansonb, KL. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: understanding the complexities of the genetic background. Cancer Genet 2012;205:111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bandyopadhyay, A, Chakraborty, J, Chowdhury, AR, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology of ovarian tumors with histologic correlation. J Cytol 2012;29:3540.Google Scholar
de Silva, KS, Kanumakala, S, Grover, SR, et al. Ovarian lesions in children and adolescents: an 11 year review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2004;17:951957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gupta, N, Rajwanshi, A, Dhaliwal, LK, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology in ovarian lesions: an institutional experience of 584 cases. Cytopathology 2012;23:300307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, O. Challenges in the interpretation of peritoneal cytologic specimens. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009;133:739742.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zuna, RE, Behrens, A. Peritoneal washing cytology in gynecologic cancers: long-term follow-up of 355 patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88(14):980987.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cole, L, Mount, S, Nuzzo, E, Wong, C. Aspiration cytology of ovarian cystic masses: histologic correlation and review of the literature. Acta Cytol 2011;55(1):1925.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davila, RM. Cytology of benign cystic uterine adnexal masses. Acta Cytol 1993;37:385390.Google ScholarPubMed
Selvaggi, SM. Cytology of nonneoplastic cysts of the ovary. Diagn Cytopathol. 1990;6:7785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wojcik, EM, Selvaggi, SM. Fine needle aspiration cytology of cystic ovarian lesions. Diagn Cytopathol 1994;11:914.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grapsa, D, Kairi-Vassilatou, E, Kleanthis, C, et al. Epithelial ovarian tumors in adolescents: a retrospective pathologic study and a critical review of the literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2011;24:386388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazard, FK, Longacre, TA. Ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms in the pediatric population: incidence, histologic subtype, and natural history. Am J Surg Pathol 2013;37:548553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kobel, M, Bak, J, Bertelsen, BI, et al. Ovarian carcinoma histotype determination is highly reproducible, and is improved through the use of immunohistochemistry. Histopathology 2014;64:10041013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kurman, RJ, Shih, IM. Molecular pathogenesis and extraovarian origin of epithelial ovarian cancer: shifting the paradigm. Hum Pathol 2011;42:918931.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nadji, M, Greening, SE, Sevin, BU, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology in gynecologic oncology: II. Morphologic aspects. Acta Cytol 1979;23:380388.Google ScholarPubMed
Nogales, FF, Dulcey, I, Preda, O. Germ cell tumors of the ovary: an update. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014;138(3):351362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramalingam, P, Teague, D, Reid-Nicholson, M. Imprint cytology of high-grade immature ovarian teratoma: a case report, literature review and distinction from other ovarian small round cell tumors. Diagn Cytopathol 2008;36:595599.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulbright, TM. Germ cell tumors of the gonads: a selective review emphasizing problems in differential diagnosis, newly appreciated, and controversial issues. Mod Pathol 2005;18 (2):S61S79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buell-Gutbrod, R, Ivanovic, M, Montag, A, et al. FOXL2 and SOX9 distinguish the lineage of the sex cord-stromal cells in gonadoblastomas. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2011;14:391395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorosito, M, Pancera, B, Sarancone, S, Nocito, AL. Gonadoblastoma: an unusual ovarian tumor. Ann Diagn Pathol 2010;14:247250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hertel, JD, Huettner, PC, Dehner, LP, Pfeifer, JD. The chromosome Y-linked testis-specific protein locus TSPY1 is characteristically present in gonadoblastoma. Hum Pathol 2010;41:15441549.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kao, CS, Ulbright, TM, Idrees, MT. Gonadoblastoma: an immunohistochemical study and comparison to Sertoli cell nodule with intratubular germ cell neoplasia, with pathogenetic implications. Histopathology. 2014. DOI: 10.1111/his.12444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosbech, CH, Rechnitzer, C, Brok, JS, et al. Recent advances in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of pediatric germ cell tumors. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2014;36(4):263270.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Akhtar, M, Ali, MA, Huq, M, Bakry, M. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of seminoma and dysgerminoma: cytologic, histologic, and electron microscopic correlations. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:99105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hajdu, SI, Nolan, MA. Exfoliative cytology of malignant germ cell tumors. Acta Cytol. 1975;19:255260.Google ScholarPubMed
Akhtar, M, Ali, MA, Sackey, K, et al. Fine needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of endodermal sinus tumor: histologic and ultrastructural correlations. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:184192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dominguez-Franjo, P, Vargas, J, Rodriguez-Peralto, JL, et al. Fine needle aspiration biopsy findings in endodermal sinus tumors: a report of four cases with cytologic, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural findings. Acta Cytol 1993;37(2):209215.Google ScholarPubMed
Gupta, R, Mathur, SR, Arora, VK, Sharma, SG. Cytologic features of extragonadal germ cell tumors: a study of 88 cases with aspiration cytology. Cancer. 2008;114(6):504511.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, GCH. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of Schiller–Duval bodies of yolk sac tumor. Diag Cytopathol 2000;23:228232.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
D’Angelo, E, Mozos, A, Nakayama, D, et al. Prognostic significance of FOXL2 mutation and mRNA expression in adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. Mod Pathol 2011;24:13601367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lal, A, Bourtsos, EP, Nayar, R, DeFrias, DV. Cytologic features of granulosa cell tumors in fluids and fine needle aspiration specimens. Acta Cytol 2004;48:315320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rietveld, L, Nieboer, TE, Kluivers, KB et al. First case of juvenile granulosa cell tumor in an adult with Ollier disease. J Gynecol Pathol 2009;28:464467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, KA, Pacheco, MC, Yang, J, et al. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors, pleuropulmonary blastoma and DICER1 mutations: a report from the international Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry. Gynecol Oncol 2011;122:246250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanaka, Y, Sasaki, Y, Nishihira, H et al. Ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with Maffucci’s syndrome. Am J Clin Pathol 1992;97:523527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arora, SK, Dey, P. Fine needle aspiration cytology of Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors of ovary masquerading as dysgerminoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 2013;41(7):647649.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oliva, E, Alvarez, T, Young, RH. Sertoli cell tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 54 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:143156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneider, DT, Calaminus, G, Harms, D, et al. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors in children and adolescents. J Reprod Med. 2005;50:439446.Google ScholarPubMed
Watson, B, Siegel, CL, Ylagan, LR. Metastatic ovarian Sertoli-cell tumor: FNA findings with immunohistochemistry. Diagn Cytopathol. 2003;29:283286.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, RH. Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary and testis: their similarities and differences with consideration of selected problems. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:S81S98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clement, PB. Selected miscellaneous ovarian lesions: small cell carcinomas, mesothelial lesions, mesenchymal and mixed neoplasms, and non-neoplastic lesions. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:S113S129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Inadome, Y, Shibata, T, Suzuki, K, et al. Hypercalcemic-type ovarian small cell carcinoma with unique CD34 expression. Pathol Int. 2009;59:766768.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jelinic, P, Mueller, JJ, Olvera, N, et al. Recurrent SMARCA4 mutations in small cell carcinoma of the ovary. Nat Genet. 2014;46(5):424426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Del Carmen, MG, Birrer, M, Schorge, JO. Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: a review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol. 2012;126:481490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeLair, D, Oliva, E, Kobel, M, et al. Morphologic spectrum of immunohistochemically characterized clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: a study of 155 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(1):3644.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuwashima, Y et al. Cytologic distinction between clear cell carcinoma and yolk sac tumor of the ovary. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 1996;17:345350.Google ScholarPubMed
Premalata, CS, Amirtham, U, Devi, G, et al. Ovarian sex cord tumour with annular tubules diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2005;48:358360.Google ScholarPubMed
Yazdi, HM. Fine needle aspiration cytology of ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules. Acta Cytol 1987;31:340344.Google ScholarPubMed
Ahmed, HU, Arya, M, Muneer, A, et al. Testicular and paratesticular tumours in the prepubertal population. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:476483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Assi, A, Patetta, R, Fava, C, et al. Fine-needle aspiration of testicular lesions: report of 17 cases. Diagn Cytopathol 2000;23:388392.3.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marulaiah, M, Gilhotra, A, Moore, L, et al. Testicular and paratesticular pathology in children: a 12 year histopathological review. World J Surg 2010;34:969974.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perez-Guillermo, M, Perez, JS. Aspiration cytology of palpable lesions of the scrotal content. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:169177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zachariou, Z, Hildebrand, GD, Daum, R. Case report: removal of a simple testicular cyst from an infant – preoperative imaging, diagnostic, therapeutic and histopathologic aspects. Pediatr Surg Int 1993;8:518520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perez-Guillermo, M, Perez, JS. Aspiration cytology of palpable lesions of the scrotal content. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:169177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sah, SP, Bhadani, PP, Regmi, R, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology of tubercular epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis. Acta Cytol 2006;50(3):243249.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, VB, Shet, TM, Lad, SK. Fine needle aspiration cytology of epididymal nodules. J Cytol 2011;28:103107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balslev, E, Francis, D, Jacobsen, GK. Testicular germ cell tumors: classification based on fine needle aspiration biopsy. Acta Cytol 1990;34:690694.Google ScholarPubMed
García-Solano, J, Sánchez-Sánchez, C, Montalbán-Romero, S, et al. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of testicular germ cell tumours: a 10-year experience in a community hospital. Cytopathology 1998;9(4):248262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horwich, A, Shipley, J, Huddart, R. Testicular germ-cell cancer. Lancet 2006;367:754765.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kapila, K, Hajdu, SI, Whitmore, WF Jr, et al. Cytologic diagnosis of metastatic germ-cell tumors. Acta Cytol 1983;27:245251.Google ScholarPubMed
Li, Y, Tabatabai, ZL, Lee, TL, et al. The Y-encoded TSPY protein: a significant marker potentially plays a role in the pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors. Hum Pathol 2007;38:14701481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Al-Agha, OM, Axiotis, CA. An in-depth look at Leydig cell tumor of the testis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007;131:311317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Assi, A, Sironi, M, Bacchioni, AM, et al. Leydig cell tumor of the testis: a cytohistological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural case study. Diagn Cytopathol 1997;16(3):262266.3.0.CO;2-J>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Augusto, D, Leteurtre, E, De La Taille, A, et al. Calretinin: a valuable marker of normal and neoplastic Leydig cells of the testis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2002;10(2):159162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Handa, U, Sood, T, Punia, RS. Testicular Leydig cell tumor diagnosed on fine needle aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol 2010;38(9):682684.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ortiz, DJ, Silva, J, Abad, M, et al. Leydig cell tumour of the testis: cytological findings on fine needle aspiration. Cytopathology 1999;10:216218.Google ScholarPubMed
Kratzer, SS, Ulbright, TM, Talerman, A. Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor of the testis: contrasting features of six malignant and six benign tumors and a review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:12711280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pettinato, G, Insabato, L, De Chiara, A, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology of a large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor of the testis. Acta Cytol 1987;31:578582.Google ScholarPubMed
Barroca, H, Gil-da-Costa, MJ, Mariz, C. Testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumor: a case report. Acta Cytol 2007;51(4):634636.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alexiev, BA, Xu, LF, Heath, JE, et al. Adenomatoid tumor of the testis with intratesticular growth: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Pathol 2011;19:838842.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Makkar, M, Dayal, P, Gupta, C, Mahajan, NC. Adenomatoid tumor of testis: a rare cytological diagnosis. J Cytology 2013;30(1):6567.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perez-Guillermo, M, Perez, JS. Aspiration cytology of palpable lesions of the scrotal content. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:169177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perez-Guillermo, M, Thor, A, Lowhagen, T. Paratesticular adenomatoid tumors: the cytologic presentation in fine needle aspiration biopsies. Acta Cytol 1989;33:611.Google ScholarPubMed
Akhtar, M, Ali, MA, Burgess, A, et al. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) diagnosis of testicular involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Diagn Cytopathol 1991;7:504507.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayder, S, Das, DK, Bjork, O, Lowhagen, T. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the testes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: preliminary report. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1988;5:2934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumar, PV, Kazemi, H, Khezri, A. Testicular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: a report of two cases. Acta Cytol 1994;38:573576.Google ScholarPubMed
Parham, DM, Barr, FG. Classification of rhabdomyosarcoma and its molecular basis. Adv Anat Pathol 2013;20(6):387397.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tsokos, M. The diagnosis and classification of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 1994;11(1):2638.Google ScholarPubMed
Valeri, RM, Papanikolaou, A, Panagiotou, A, et al. A rare case of paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration: a case report. Acta Cytol 2009;53(3):319322.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×