Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T04:27:54.617Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 6 - Infective, Granulomatous and Benign Histiocytic Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2020

Jon van der Walt
Affiliation:
St Thomas’ Hospital, London
Attilio Orazi
Affiliation:
Texas Tech University
Daniel A. Arber
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Get access

Summary

Infective, granulomatous and benign histiocytic disorders are only rarely an indication for bone marrow (BM) examination and therefore often represent unexpected or incidental findings. Yet since they are frequently linked to a variety of life-threatening underlying conditions, diagnosing such disorders in the BM is almost always significant for the affected patient. This chapter summarizes and illustrates the most common disorders of this type in the BM with a special emphasis on diagnostic and differential diagnostic clues.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Diebold, J, Molina, T, Camilleri-Broët, S, Le Tourneau, A, Audouin, J. Bone marrow manifestations of infections and systemic diseases observed in bone marrow trephine biopsy review. Histopathology. 2000;37:199211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howard, CB, Einhorn, M, Dagan, R, Yagupski, P, Porat, S. Fineneedle bone biopsy to diagnose osteomyelitis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1994;76:311–14.Google Scholar
Lew, DP, Waldvogel, FA. Osteomyelitis. Lancet. 2004;364:369–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foucar, K, Reichard, K, Czuchlewski, D. Bone Marrow Pathology, 3rd edn. Chicago, ASCP Press; 2010.Google Scholar
Kubic, VL, Kubic, PT, Brunning, RD. The morphologic and immunophenotypic assessment of the lymphocytosis accompanying Bordetella pertussis infection. Am J Clin Pathol. 1991;95:809–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vishnu, P, Aboulafia, DM. Haematological manifestations of human immune deficiency virus infection. Br J Haematol. 2015;171:695709.Google Scholar
Gordon, S, Lee, S. Naked megakaryocyte nuclei in bone marrows of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a somewhat specific finding. Mod Pathol. 1994;7:166–8.Google Scholar
Ricci, D, Ponzoni, M, Zoldan, MC, Germagnoli, L, Faravarelli, A. Bone marrow biopsy in 50 AIDS patients: a diagnostic approach. Pathologica. 1995;87:640–5.Google Scholar
Inoue, T, Cronkite, EP, Hirabayashi, Y, et al. Lifetime treatment of mice with azidothymidine (AZT) produces myelodysplasia. Leukemia. 1997;11 Suppl 3:123–7.Google Scholar
Gloghini, A, Dolcetti, R, Carbone, A. Lymphomas occurring specifically in HIV-infected patients: from pathogenesis to pathology. Semin Cancer Biol. 2013;23:457–67.Google Scholar
Wong, KF, Ma, SK, Chan, JK, Lam, KW. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting as marrow cryptococcosis. Am J Hematol. 2006;42:392–4.Google Scholar
Ibrahim, HA, Balachandran, K, Bower, M, Naresh, KN. Bone marrow manifestations in multicentric Castleman disease. Br J Haematol. 2016;172:923–9.Google Scholar
Luzuriaga, K, Sullivan, JL. Infectious mononucleosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:19932000.Google Scholar
Chung, HJ, Chi, HS, Jang, S, Park, CJ. Epstein–Barr virus infection associated with bone marrow fibrin-ring granuloma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;133:300–4.Google Scholar
Ko, YH, Chan, JKC, Quintanilla-Martinez, L. Virally associated T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms. In: Jaffe, ES, Arber, DA, Campo, E, Harris, NL, Quintanilla-Martinez, L. Hematopathology, 2nd edn. Philadelphia, Elsevier; 2017.Google Scholar
Mattes, FM, McLaughlin, JE, Emery, VC, Clark, DA, Griffiths, PD. Histopathological detection of owl’s eye inclusions is still specific for cytomegalovirus in the era of human herpesviruses 6 and 7. J Clin Pathol. 2000;53:612–14.Google Scholar
Yigit, N, Mayer, S, Geyer, JT. Human herpesvirus 6 infection in a bone marrow biopsy specimen after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2015;doi: 10.1111/bjh.13573.Google Scholar
Bravender, T. Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and infectious mononucleosis. Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2010;21:251–64.Google Scholar
Moritake, H, Ikeda, T, Manabe, A, Kamimura, S, Nunoi, H. Cytomegalovirus infection mimicking juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia showing hypersensitivity to granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53:1324–6.Google Scholar
Landry, ML. Parvovirus B19. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0008-2015.Google Scholar
Chen, S, Howard, O. Images in clinical medicine. Parvovirus B19 infection. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:598.Google Scholar
Crook, TW, Rogers, BB, McFarland, RD, et al. Unusual bone marrow manifestations of parvovirus B19 infection in immunocompromised patients. Hum Pathol. 2000;31:161–8.Google Scholar
Sedick, Q, Vaughan, J, Pheeha, T, Alli, NA. Bone marrow aspirate microscopy v. bone marrow trephine biopsy microscopy for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. S Afr Med J. 2015;105:773–5.Google Scholar
Yazisiz, V, Erbasan, F, Inan, D, et al. Bone marrow infection caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2010;19:323–6.Google Scholar
van Ingen, J, Kohl, TA, Kranzer, K, et al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17:1033–41.Google Scholar
Stewardson, AJ, Stuart, RL, Cheng, AC, Johnson, PD. Mycobacterium chimaera and cardiac surgery. Med J Aust. 2017;206:132–5.Google Scholar
Walter, R, Bachmann, SP, Schaffner, A, Rüegg, R, Schoedon, G. Bone marrow involvement in Whipple’s disease: rarely reported, but really rare? Br J Haematol. 2001;112:677–9.Google Scholar
Kröber, SM, Kaiserling, E, Horny, HP, Weber, A. Primary diagnosis of Whipple’s disease in bone marrow. Hum Pathol. 2004;35:522–5.Google Scholar
Keynan, Y, Yakirevitch, E, Shusterman, T, et al. Bone marrow and skin granulomatosis in a patient with Bartonella infection. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(Pt 1):133–5.Google Scholar
Hajjaji, N, Hocqueloux, L, Kerdraon, R, Bret, L. Bone infection in cat-scratch disease: a review of the literature. J Infect. 2007;54:417–21.Google Scholar
Kullberg, BJ, Oude Lashof, AML. Epidemiology of opportunistic invasive mycoses. Eur J Med Res. 2002;7:183–91.Google Scholar
Falcone, M, Concia, E, Iori, I, et al. Identification and management of invasive mycoses in internal medicine: a road-map for physicians. Intern Emerg Med. 2014;9:501–11.Google Scholar
Leeflang, MM, Debets-Ossenkopp, YJ, Wang, J, et al. Galactomannan detection for invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;12:CD007394.Google Scholar
Engels, E, Marks, PW, Kazanjian, P. Usefulness of bone marrow examination in the evaluation of unexplained fevers in patients infected with human-immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infectious Dis. 1995;21:427–8.Google Scholar
Zimpfer, A, Piehler, P, Kofler, G, Dirnhofer, S, Tzankov, A. Isolated bone marrow mycosis in a patient presenting with consumptive symptoms. J Clin Pathol. 2004;57:107–8.Google Scholar
Lerdlamyong, K, Sukpanichnant, S, Rattanaumpawan, P. Bone marrow infection by Pneumocystis jirovecii. Br J Haematol. 2017;176:849.Google Scholar
Daher, EF, Fonseca, PP, Gerhard, ES, Leitão, TM, Silva Júnior, GB. Clinical and epidemiological features of visceral leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection in fifteen patients from Brazil. J Parasitol. 2009;95:652–5.Google Scholar
Seguro, FS, Assis, RA, Silveira, PA, Bezerra, AM. Images in haematology. Toxoplasma gondii in the bone marrow after pancreas–kidney transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2009;147:276.Google Scholar
Tzankov, A, Dirnhofer, S. A pattern-based approach to reactive lymphadenopathies. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2017;pii: S0740–2570(17)30060–6.Google Scholar
Menter, T, Tzankov, A. Granulomatous infections in the bone marrow. Clin Lab Internat. 2015;9:1215.Google Scholar
Eid, A, Carion, W, Nystrom, JS. Differential diagnoses of bone marrow granuloma. West J Med. 1996;164:510–15.Google Scholar
Brackers de Hugo, L, Ffrench, M, Broussolle, C, Seve, P. Granulomatous lesions in bone marrow: clinicopathologic findings and significance in a study of 48 cases. Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24:468–73.Google Scholar
Helming, L, Gordon, S. Molecular mediators of macrophage fusion. Trends Cell Biol. 2009;19:514–22.Google Scholar
Rose, CD, Pans, S, Casteels, I, et al. Blau syndrome: cross-sectional data from a multicentre study of clinical, radiological and functional outcomes. Rheumatology. 2015;54:1008–16.Google Scholar
Kim, MJ, Park, PW, Seo, YH, et al. Bone marrow oxalosis in a patient with pancytopenia following bilateral nephrectomy. Ann Lab Med. 2016;36:266–7.Google Scholar
Bonilla, MF, Kaul, DR, Saint, S, Isada, CM, Brotman, DJ. Ring around the diagnosis. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1937–42.Google Scholar
Rao, DA, Dellaripa, PF. Extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2013;39:277–97.Google Scholar
Brodbeck, WG, Anderson, JM. Giant cell formation and function. Curr Opin Hematol. 2009;16:53–7.Google Scholar
Brunner, A, Kantner, J, Tzankov, A. Granulomatous reactions cause symptoms or clinically imitate treatment resistance in small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukaemia more frequently than in other non-Hodgkin lymphomas. J Clin Pathol. 2005;58:815–19.Google Scholar
Kettle, P, Allen, DC. Bone marrow granulomas in infiltrating lobular breast cancer. J Clin Pathol. 1997;50:166–8.Google Scholar
Chang, KL, Gaal, KK, Huang, Q, Weiss, LM. Histiocytic lesions involving the bone marrow. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2003;20:226–36.Google Scholar
Weitzman, SR, Egeler, M. Histiocytic Disorders of Children and Adults. Cambridge University Press; 2010.Google Scholar
Sumiyoshi, Y, Kikuchi, M, Ohshima, K, et al. A case of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis with bone marrow and skin involvement. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1992;420:275–9.Google Scholar
Tzankov, A, Kremer, M, Leguit, R, et al. Histiocytic cell neoplasms involving the bone marrow. Summary of the workshop cases submitted to the 18th Meeting of the European Association for Haematopathology (EAHP) organized by the European Bone Marrow Working Group, Basel 2016. Ann Hematol. 2018;97:2117–28.Google Scholar
Sawitsky, A, Rosner, F, Chodsky, S. The sea-blue histiocyte syndrome, a review: genetic and biochemical studies. Semin Hematol. 1972;9:285–97.Google Scholar
Greyshock, N, Guyton, JR, Sebastian, S, Okorodudu, D. APOE p.Leu167del-related lipid disorders. In: Adam, MP, Ardinger, HH, Pagon, RA, et al. GeneReviews® [Internet]. University of Washington, Seattle;1993–2017.Google Scholar
Parenti, G, Andria, G, Ballabio, A. Lysosomal storage diseases: from pathophysiology to therapy. Annu Rev Med. 2015;66:471–86.Google Scholar
Alroy, J, Garganta, C, Wiederschain, G. Secondary biochemical and morphological consequences in lysosomal storage diseases. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2014;79:619–36.Google Scholar
Bigorgne, C, Le Tourneau, A, Vahedi, K, et al. Sea-blue histiocyte syndrome in bone marrow secondary to total parenteral nutrition. Leuk Lymphoma. 1998;28:523–9.Google Scholar
Büsche, G, Majewski, H, Schlué, J, et al. Frequency of pseudo-Gaucher cells in diagnostic bone marrow biopsies from patients with Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia. Virchows Arch. 1997;430:139–48.Google Scholar
Howard, MR, Kesteven, PJ. Sea blue histiocytosis: a common abnormality of the bone marrow in myelodysplastic syndromes. J Clin Pathol. 1993;46:1030–2.Google Scholar
Robak, T, Urbańska-Ryś, H, Jerzmanowski, P, et al. Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with monoclonal gammopathy-related pseudo-Gaucher cell infiltration in bone marrow and spleen: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002;43:2343–50.Google Scholar
Dechelotte, P, Kantelip, B, de Laguillaumie, BV, Labbe, A, Meyer, M. Tangier disease. A histological and ultrastructural study. Pathol Res Pract. 1985;180:424–30.Google Scholar
Nordmann, TM, Juengling, FD, Recher, M, et al. Trametinib after disease reactivation under dabrafenib in Erdheim–Chester disease with both BRAF and KRAS mutations. Blood. 2017;129:879–82.Google Scholar
Gebrail, F, Knapp, M, Perrotta, G, Cualing, H. Crystalline histiocytosis in hereditary cystinosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126:1135.Google Scholar
Nachite, F, Dref, M, Fakhri, A, Rais, H. Primary hyperoxaluria detected by bone marrow biopsy: case report. BMC Clin Pathol. 2017;17:20.Google Scholar
Kanagal-Shamanna, R, Xu-Monette, ZY, Miranda, RN, et al. Crystal-storing histiocytosis: a clinicopathological study of 13 cases. Histopathology. 2016;68:482–91.Google Scholar
Papla, B, Spólnik, P, Rzenno, E, et al. Generalized crystal-storing histiocytosis as a presentation of multiple myeloma: a case with a possible pro-aggregation defect in the immunoglobulin heavy chain. Virchows Arch. 2004;445:83–9.Google Scholar
Rosai, J, Dorfman, RF. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. A newly recognized benign clinicopathological entity. Arch Pathol. 1969;87:6370.Google Scholar
Maric, I, Pittaluga, S, Dale, JK, et al. Histologic features of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:903–11.Google Scholar
Menon, MP, Evbuomwan, MO, Rosai, J, Jaffe, ES, Pittaluga, S. A subset of Rosai–Dorfman disease cases show increased IgG4-positive plasma cells: another red herring or a true association with IgG4-related disease? Histopathology. 2014;64:455–9.Google Scholar
Oliveira, JB. The expanding spectrum of the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndromes. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2013;25:722–9.Google Scholar
Diamond, EL, Durham, BH, Haroche, J, et al. Diverse and targetable kinase alterations drive histiocytic neoplasms. Cancer Discov. 2016;6:154–65.Google Scholar
Shanmugam, V, Margolskee, E, Kluk, M, et al. Rosai–Dorfman disease harboring an activating KRAS K117N missense mutation. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10:394–9.Google Scholar
Matter, MS, Bihl, M, Juskevicius, D, Tzankov, A. Is Rosai–Dorfman disease a reactive process? Detection of a MAP2K1 L115V mutation in a case of Rosai-Dorfman disease. Virchows Arch. 2017;471:545–7.Google Scholar
Huang, Q, Chang, KL, Weiss, LM. Extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease involving the bone marrow: a case report. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:1189–92.Google Scholar
Demicco, EG, Rosenberg, AE, Bjornsson, J, et al. Primary Rosai–Dorfman disease of bone: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:1324–33.Google Scholar
Rosado, FG, Kim, AS. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: an update on diagnosis and pathogenesis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2013;139:713–27.Google Scholar
Zhang, K, Jordan, MB, Marsh, RA, et al. Hypomorphic mutations in PRF1, MUNC13–4, and STXBP2 are associated with adult-onset familial HLH. Blood. 2011;118:5794–8.Google Scholar
Sepulveda, FE, de Saint Basile, G. Hemophagocytic syndrome: primary forms and predisposing conditions. Curr Opin Immunol. 2017;49:20–6.Google Scholar
Daver, N, McClain, K, Allen, CE, et al. A consensus review on malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults. Cancer. 2017;123:3229–40.Google Scholar
Akenroye, AT, Madan, N, Mohammadi, F, Leider, J. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis mimics many common conditions: case series and review of literature. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;49:3141.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×