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18 - Socialism in India

from Southern Trajectories

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2022

By
Madhavan K. Palat
Edited by
Marcel van der Linden
Marcel van der Linden
Affiliation:
International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam
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Summary

Socialism in India flourished in the space between communalism or the various religious nationalisms, but principally the Hindu species, and communism, and globally it would be recognizable as a variant of European social democracy or socialism located between conservatism and communism. It was a potent presence at the summit of Indian politics during the half century between the late 1920s and the late 1970s as groups clustered around Jawaharlal Nehru of the Congress, which was both a party and a movement within the larger national movement for independence, as also around others like Jayaprakash Narayan, J. B. Kripalani, Ram Manohar Lohia, and Narendra Deva. They were both within the Congress and therefore with the government after Independence in 1947 as much as in opposition.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge History of Socialism , pp. 414 - 434
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

Further Reading

Ankit, Rakesh, ‘Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian National Congress and party politics, 1934–1954’, Studies in Indian Politics 3, 2 (2015), pp. 149–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ankit, Rakesh, ‘Marxist Guru, socialist Neta, Buddhist Acharya, Gandhi’s Shishya: the many Narendra Deva(s) (1889–1956)’, Global Intellectual History 2, 3 (2017), pp. 350–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basole, Amit, ‘The technology question in Lohia’, Economic and Political Weekly 45, 44/45 (2010), pp. 106–11.Google Scholar
Doctor, Adi H., ‘Lohia’s quest for an autonomous socialism’, Indian Journal of Political Science 49, 3 (1988), pp. 312–27.Google Scholar
Frankel, Francine R., India’s Political Economy 1947–2004: The Gradual Revolution, 2nd edn (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2005).Google Scholar
Nanda, Reena, Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya: A Biography (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2002).Google Scholar
Nayar, Baldev Raj, ‘Nationalist planning for autarky and state hegemony: development strategy under Nehru’, Indian Economic Review, NS, 32, 1 (1997), pp. 13–38.Google Scholar
Sherman, Taylor C., ‘Education in early postcolonial India: expansion, experimentation, and self-help’, History of Education 47, 4 (2018), pp. 504–20.Google Scholar
Sherman, Taylor C., ‘“A New Type of Revolution’: Socialist Thought in India, 1940s–1960s’, Postcolonial Studies, DOI: 10.1080/13688790.2018.1500085, published online, 22 July 2018.Google Scholar

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