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from IV - Secularity, reform and modernity
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 July 2011
Introduction
The nineteenth century was from the outset an ‘economical age’ or an age of ‘sophisters, oeconomists, and calculators’ (Bishop 1796, ii, p. 296; Burke 1790, p. 113). The ‘administration of things has been perfected at the expense of the administration of men’, the French conservative Louis de Bonald wrote in 1802, of the governments of the new century, and Adam Smith's work was ‘the bible of this material and materialist doctrine’ (Bonald 1802, ii, pp. 89–90). By the end of the century, in the description of the Indian jurist Mahadev Govind Ranade, the great questions of the times were ‘more Economical than Political’; a ‘conflict of practice with theory, not in one, but in all points, not in one place or country, but all over the world’ (Ranade 1906, pp. 5–6).
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