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Chapter 22 - Anesthesia for Ocular, Ear, and Throat Diseases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2023

By
Sheriza L. Hussain  and
Graham T. Lubinsky
Edited by
Alan David Kaye  and
Richard D. Urman
Alan David Kaye
Affiliation:
Louisiana State University School of Medicine
Richard D. Urman
Affiliation:
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston
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Summary

Normal intraocular pressure (IOP) ranges between 10 and 22 mmHg. This pressure represents a balance between aqueous humor production and drainage [1]. An increase in IOP is harmful because it can decrease blood supply to the optic nerve [2]. Special care must be taken if the globe is open during surgery, as increased IOP in a patient with an open globe can lead to expulsion of ocular contents and permanent damage or blindness [2]. Surgeries in which there is an open globe include cataract extraction, corneal laceration repair, corneal transplant, trabeculectomy, vitrectomy, and ruptured globe repair. Other complications of increased IOP include acute glaucoma and retinal hemorrhage [1].

Type
Chapter
Information
Cambridge Handbook of Anesthesiology , pp. 354 - 368
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Pardo, MC, Miller, RD. Basics of Anesthesia, 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier; 2017.Google Scholar
Miller, RD. Miller’s Anesthesia, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders; 2015.Google ScholarPubMed
Drayna, PC, Estrada, C, Wang, W, et al. Ketamine sedation is not associated with clinically meaningful elevation of intraocular pressure. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30:1215–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaffe, RA. Anesthesiologist’s Manual of Surgical Procedures, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2019.Google Scholar
Butterworth IV, JF, Mackey, DC, Wasnick., JD. Morgan & Mikhail’s Clinical Anesthesiology, 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2018.Google Scholar
Hagber, CA, Artime, CA, Aziz, MF. Benumof and Hagberg’s Airway Management. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018.Google Scholar

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