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25 - Molecular imaging of Alzheimer's disease

from Section IV - Cognitive Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2011

By
Norbert Schuff
Edited by
Martha E. Shenton  and
Bruce I. Turetsky
Norbert Schuff
Affiliation:
Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
Martha E. Shenton
Affiliation:
VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
Bruce I. Turetsky
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
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Summary

Abstract

Neurochemical imaging offers an opportunity to study at a molecular level in-vivo the neuronal substrates that underpin Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In particular, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) is unique among diagnostic imaging modalities because the method can measure several different brain metabolites simultaneously, including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a neuronal integrity marker, and myo-inositol (MI), a potential glial marker. The goal of this chapter is to review key findings of 1H MRSI in AD, MCI and aging, and to discuss the potential value of this technology for diagnosis and prognosis of AD as well as for the assessment of therapeutic intervention. Other neurochemical imaging technologies such as direct mapping of neurotransmitter systems using emission tomography (PET) tracers and new trends, such as amyloid PET imaging are also briefly discussed.

Introduction

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and a growing health problem globally, affecting 20% of the population over 80 years of age (Ferri et al., 2005). Currently, the definite diagnosis of AD can only be made through autopsy to find the pathological hallmarks of the disease: microscopic amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Macroscopically, AD is characterized by progressive loss of brain tissue that leads to a rapid decline in cognitive function.

Keywords

1H MRSIAlzheimer's diseaseamyloid PET imagingpositron emission tomographyneurotransmitter systemsneurochemical imaging modalitiesmild cognitive impairmentmolecular imaging
Type
Chapter
Information
Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Insights from Neuroimaging
 , pp. 351 - 360
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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  • Molecular imaging of Alzheimer's disease
    • By Norbert Schuff, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.026
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  • Molecular imaging of Alzheimer's disease
    • By Norbert Schuff, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.026
Available formats
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  • Molecular imaging of Alzheimer's disease
    • By Norbert Schuff, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.026
Available formats
×