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CHAPTER XXX

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

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Summary

Carbonic acid, water, and ammonia, contain the elements necessary for the support of animals, as well as of vegetables. They are supplied to the graminivora in the vegetable food which is converted into animal substance by their vital functions.

Vitality in animals, as in vegetables, is the power they have of assimilating their food, a process independent of volition, since it is carried on during sleep, and is the cause of force. Animals inhale oxygen with the air they breathe; part of the oxygen combines with the carbon contained in the food, and is exhaled in the form of carbonic acid gas. With every effort, with every breath, and with every motion, voluntary or involuntary, at every instant of life, a part of the muscular substance becomes dead, separates from the living part, combines with the remaining portion of inhaled oxygen, and is removed. Food, therefore, is necessary to compensate for the waste, to supply nourishment, and to restore strength to the nerves, on which all vital motion depends; for by the nerves volition acts on living matter. Food would not be sufficient to make up for this waste, and consequent loss of strength, without sleep; during which voluntary motion ceases, and the undisturbed assimilation of the food suffices to restore strength, and to make up for the involuntary motion of breathing, which is also a source of waste.

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Physical Geography , pp. 216 - 245
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009
First published in: 1848

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  • CHAPTER XXX
  • Mary Somerville
  • Book: Physical Geography
  • Online publication: 05 December 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511703904.013
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  • CHAPTER XXX
  • Mary Somerville
  • Book: Physical Geography
  • Online publication: 05 December 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511703904.013
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • CHAPTER XXX
  • Mary Somerville
  • Book: Physical Geography
  • Online publication: 05 December 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511703904.013
Available formats
×