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10 - Cryopreservation of pronuclear stage human embryos

from Cryopreservation of embryos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2010

By
Barry Behr  and
Yimin Shu
Edited by
Ri-Cheng Chian  and
Patrick Quinn
Ri-Cheng Chian
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal
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Summary

Supernumerary embryos may be cryopreserved as early as day 1 (pronuclear stage) and up to day 6 or day 7. This chapter focuses on the crypreservation of pronuclear stage embryos on day 1. Two main methods are used for the cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos: slow freezing and vitrification. Although controlled slow freezing remains the main method of cryopreservation in most in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs, the vitrification technique has entered the mainstream of human assisted reproductive technology (ART) more and more. Successful pregnancies and live births have been achieved by vitrification of human oocytes and embryos using different carrier systems. The total concentration of cryoprotectant ranges from 5 to 8 mol/l in vitrification protocols currently used in the cryopreservation of human oocyte and embryos. Relatively limited data are available regarding the application of vitrification in the cryopreservation of pronuclear stage human embryos.

Keywords

assisted reproductive technologycryopreservationcryoprotectantvitrificationin vitro fertilizationhuman oocytesextracellular ice formation
Type
Chapter
Information
Fertility Cryopreservation , pp. 76 - 88
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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