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17 - The International Criminal Court of the future

from PART V - THE FUTURE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2015

Hans-Peter Kaul
Affiliation:
Judge at the International Criminal Court
William A. Schabas
Affiliation:
Middlesex University, London
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Summary

Allow me to start with a basic, but not unimportant question: ‘When will the United States become a State Party of the International Criminal Court?’ Well, it is exactly this question which was put to me in an interview by the Süddeutsche Zeitung – a German newspaper – published on 28 June 2012, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the entry into force of the Rome Statute. The answer that I gave then is essentially the same as my assumption today: regrettably there is no chance that the United States will join the Court in the foreseeable future. But I assume, no, I believe that the United States will be a State Party at the latest around the year 2040, almost forty years after the entry into force of the Rome Statute – it took the United States also almost forty years to ratify the Genocide Convention.

When this happens it seems quite likely to me that China will already be a member of the Court. I continue to be in regular contact with well-informed Chinese interlocutors. Already in 2003, when then President Kirsch and I were invited to Beijing, the Legal Adviser of the Chinese Foreign Ministry told us: ‘China, even as a non-State Party, wants to be regarded as a friend of the International Criminal Court. We will follow a wait-and-see policy for some time and observe whether the Court will behave as a purely judicial institution or whether it engages in politically motivated prosecutions. If the latter is not the case, the time for Chinese membership may come.’ More importantly, in the next decade there will be further profound changes in China, a new leadership replacing the old guard, a more democratic society – these developments may lead to Chinese membership in the International Criminal Court system sooner than expected.

I will address three sets of issues: (1) What about the efficiency and administrative culture in the International Criminal Court of the future? (2) What are some possible or likely developments with regard to judicial proceedings or with regard to the applicable criminal law? (3) What about the relationship between the International Criminal Court of the future and States Parties, States in general or the Security Council?

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Chapter
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

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References

Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘Towards a Permanent Criminal Court: Some Observations of a Negotiator’, (1997) 18 Human Rights Law Journal169.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘Special Note: The Struggle for the International Criminal Court's Jurisdiction’, (1998) 6 European Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘Der Internationale Strafgerichtshof: Das Ringen um seine Zuständigkeit und Reichweite’, in Fischer, Horst and Lüder, Sascha Rolf, eds., Völkerrechtliche Verbrechen vor dem Jugoslawien-Tribunal, Nationalen Gerichten und dem Internationalen Gerichtshof, Berlin Verlag Arno Spitz GmbH, 1999, pp. 177–91.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘The International Criminal Court: Jurisdiction, Trigger Mechanism and Relationship to National Jurisdictions’, in Politi, Mauro and Nesi, Giuseppe, eds., The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Challenge to Impunity, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001, pp. 59–64.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘Preconditions to the Exercise of Jurisdiction’, in Cassese, Antonio, Gaeta, Paola and Jones, John RWD, eds., The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary, Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 583–616.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘The International Criminal Court after Two Years’, (2005) 99 American Journal of International Law370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘Der Internationale Strafgerichtshof nach fünf Jahren – Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Richterlicher Sicht’, (2007) 13 Zeitschrift für Internationale Strafrechtsdogmatik494.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘The ICC and International Criminal Cooperation – Key Aspects and Fundamental Necessities’, in Mauro Politi and Federica Gioia, eds., The ICC and National Jurisdictions, Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2008, pp. 85–92.
Kaul, Hans-Peter, ‘The International Criminal Court – Its Relationship to Domestic Jurisdictions’, in Stahn, Carsten and Sluiter, Goran, eds., The Emerging Practice of the International Criminal Court, Leiden: Brill, 2009, pp. 31–8.Google Scholar
Kaul, Hans-Peter and Kreß, Claus, ‘Jurisdiction and Cooperation in the Statute of the International Criminal Court’, (1999) 2 Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Situation in the Republic of Kenya (ICC-01/09), Dissenting Opinion of Judge Hans-Peter Kaul, 31 March 2010.

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