Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

2 results

  • Chapter 7 - Legal Frameworks and Property Rights in U.S. Agricultural Cooperatives: The Hybridization of Cooperative Structures

  • from Section 2 - Selected Core Issues of Cooperative Enterprise in a Historical Perspective
  • Edited by Patrizia Battilani, Università di Bologna, Harm G. Schröter, Universitetet i Bergen, Norway
  • Book:
    The Cooperative Business Movement, 1950 to the Present
    Published online:
    05 September 2012
    Print publication:
    27 August 2012, pp 175-194

  • Summary

    This chapter deals with a caveat of sorts regarding the quality, availability, and consistency of basic data on the international cooperative movement. Although cooperatives are active in all economic sectors throughout Europe, national cooperative development has varied by country. In England consumer cooperatives are strong; in Germany credit cooperatives dominate. The chapter focuses on the cooperative experience in the United States, Canada, and Japan, and highlights the remarkable story of cooperative business that not only survived, but actually thrived within these economic behemoths. A discussion of the world's cooperative movement would not be complete without mention of cooperatives in China, India, and Brazil. Cooperatives have played a unique role in transitional economies, that is, those that are evolving from central planning to a free market. African cooperatives have been tremendously influenced by cooperative development aid from several northern European and North American cooperative movements.

  • Prevalence of obesity and overweight among urban adults in Bulgaria

  • Lumdila Ivanova, Plamen Dimitrov, Jocilyn Dellava, Daniel Hoffman
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 11 / Issue 12 / December 2008
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 December 2008, pp. 1407-1410
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Objective

    The prevalence of obesity is increasing in transitional countries, but extensive data on some countries, such as Bulgaria, are still lacking. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, relative to gender and income, among adults in Sofia, Bulgaria.

    Design

    Cross-sectional survey to collect data on diet, health, BMI and income using a brief questionnaire on diet and income. Data were analysed using analysis of covariance to determine differences within and between income and gender groups.

    Setting

    Sofia, Bulgaria.

    Subjects

    Adults living in the city of Sofia, Bulgaria.

    Results

    For adults 30–60 years of age, 35·1 % were overweight and 6·2 % were obese. The proportion of overweight and obesity was higher among men than women (44·8 % v. 32·4 % and 6·0 % v. 4·7 %, respectively). With respect to income, BMI decreased as income increased. For men, BMI was highest for the lowest and highest income groups, whereas for women lower income was associated with a higher BMI.

    Conclusion

    The prevalence of overweight and obesity appears to be an emerging problem in some sectors of Bulgarian society, based on our data from the largest urban area of the country. These data provide new information on the divergence in health and disease risk in a country that is still economically challenged and may be facing the nutrition transition.