Safety is a mandatory issue during the operation of a nuclear power plant. A nuclear reactor can have some atmospheric dispersion due to any errors in the safety system.

The aim of this study is to estimate the cancer risk incidence for different body organs due to accidentally released radionuclides from Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP).

The assumed hypothesis was atmospheric dispersion of radionuclide into the environment due to the safety failure of BNPP. Total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) from radionuclide diffusion in the medium was calculated using HOTSPOT code at two different wind speeds. Finally, the risk of cancer incidence for different organs of male and female sex has been estimated by Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) VII model.

The results showed that with increasing the exposure age and attained age, the risk of cancer incidence for different organs is decreased. The value of TEDE was increased at lower wind speed. The most probable organ for cancer incidence at different levels of TEDE in male and female sex was colon and bladder, respectively. On the other hand, prostate and uterus had the lowest radiation sensitivity and cancer risk incidence in male and female sex, respectively. Increasing the wind speed reduces the risk of cancer incidence for all of organs understudy.

Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the younger persons are more subject to the cancer risk incidence because of both the intrinsically greater radio-sensitivity of their organs and their longer remaining life expectancy during which a cancer may develop. The overall risk of cancer incidence as well as the site specific solid cancer incidence were highly dependent to the sex of exposed person, so that the female sex was more exposed to the cancer risk incidence at all of the irradiation levels understudy.