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  • 30 - Practical Intelligence

  • from Part VI - Kinds of Intelligence
  • Edited by Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, New York
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence
    Published online:
    13 December 2019
    Print publication:
    16 January 2020, pp 736-755

  • Summary

    Practical intelligence has been referred to as “street smarts” or “common sense” and is typically contrasted with “book smarts” or general academic intelligence. The concept emerged from a recognition that success with solving abstract, academic problems did not necessarily translate to success with solving real-world, practical problems, and vice versa. This chapter reviews research aimed at better understanding the cognitive underpinnings of practical intelligence, its distinctiveness from general intelligence, and its relationship to performance. Particular attention is given to research on tacit knowledge, or the unspoken, practical know-how that often differentiates expert from novice performance. Tacit knowledge has been found to be related to successful performance in domains as diverse as sales, primary education, college admissions, military leadership, information technology, and policing. The chapter concludes with promising directions for future research on the acquisition and dissemination of tacit knowledge as a means of enhancing the development of practical intelligence.