This chapter shows that format and categorical organization of semantic representations are strictly intermingled and that the study of the anatomical lesions underlying category-specific semantic disorders can contribute to clarifying the nature of these intimate relationships. It determines whether the anatomical locus of lesion is different in patients with a category-specific impairment for action names and object names and whether the neuroanatomical correlates of these category-specific disorders are consistent with the predictions based on the sensorymotor model of semantic knowledge. The chapter focuses on predictions based on the sensory-functional and the domains of knowledge hypothesis, rather than on those based on the intercorrelations among semantic features hypothesis, since the latter assumes that the severity of brain damage plays the major role in the pathophysiology of category-specific disorders. It presents the results of investigations which have checked the neuroanatomical predictions of the intercorrelations among semantic features hypothesis.