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  • Chapter 2 - Blunt Force Regulation

  • Denise Sienli van der Kamp, University of Oxford
  • Book:
    Clean Air at What Cost?
    Published online:
    28 January 2023
    Print publication:
    19 January 2023, pp 28-48

  • Summary

    This chapter clarifies why blunt force regulation is so distinctive. It begins by outlining two underlying logics regulatory enforcement, namely, “rules-based” regulation (which prioritizes effectiveness) and “risk-based” regulation (which prioritizes efficiency). Drawing on case details, it then illustrates how blunt force regulation fits into neither category, offering neither efficient nor effective regulation in the long-term. Instead, it represents an unusual combination of indiscriminate enforcement (which devalues compliances) and arbitrary but inflexible enforcement (which increases regulatory distrust and business uncertainty). This raises the question: Why blunt force regulation?