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  • 26 - National Identity and the Idea of Race in the Dinaric Region

  • from Part III - Intersections: National(ist) Synergies and Tensions with Other Social, Economic, Political, and Cultural Categories, Identities, and Practices
  • Edited by Cathie Carmichael, University of East Anglia, Matthew D'Auria, University of East Anglia, Aviel Roshwald, Georgetown University, Washington DC
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of Nationhood and Nationalism
    Published online:
    08 November 2023
    Print publication:
    09 November 2023, pp 559-577

  • Summary

    Notions of shared collective identity or ethnos are ancient belief systems imbibed at an early age, codified in literature, and transmitted through learned or sacred texts and “common knowledge.” There may be elements of logic in such beliefs that become harder to uncover with the passage of centuries. For example, notions of collective identity often perpetuate the belief that the stranger brings danger and only “kin-culture communities” (to use Azar Gat’s term) can be trusted.1 Perhaps logical caution developed into custom and was perpetuated by political practice (i.e. the formation of states). The modern idea of race, which views human populations as fundamentally different from each other in measurable ways, can be linked most emphatically to colonial exploitation in the early modern and modern eras. In its assumption about nature, it is thus fundamentally different from earlier ideas about ethnos or collective identity.

The Cambridge Companion to Antisemitism
  • Edited by Steven Katz
  • Published online:
    05 May 2022
    Print publication:
    02 June 2022
  • A History of Anti-Semitism examines the history, culture and literature of antisemitism from antiquity to the present. With contributions from an international team of scholars, whose essays were specially commissioned for this volume, it covers the long history of antisemitism starting with ancient Greece and Egypt, through the anti-Judaism of early Christianity, and the medieval era in both the Christian and Muslim worlds when Jews were defined as 'outsiders,' especially in Christian Europe. This portrayal often led to violence, notably pogroms that often accompanied Crusades, as well as to libels against Jews. The volume also explores the roles of Luther and the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the debate over Jewish emancipation, Marxism, and the social disruptions after World War 1 that led to the rise of Nazism and genocide. Finally, it considers current issues, including the dissemination of hate on social media and the internet and questions of definition and method.