This chapter’s purpose is to summarize and analyze current states of the rights of persons with disabilities and the nexus of these rights with mental health and psychosocial well-being, particularly focusing on the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It describes the key rights in CRPD and analyzes the interrelationship between CRPD and SDGs. The chapter also presents the history of global efforts to protect and promote the rights of persons with disabilities as well as recent and current developments. Persons with disabilities, including persons with mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities, have faced numerous barriers and violations of human rights for a long time. The adoption of CRPD, coupled with SDGs and other key global agreements, provides great momentum for realizing their rights. The chapter concludes that respecting diversity, eliminating social barriers (including attitudinal ones), being attentive to the silent majority and minorities and reaching out to unheard voices, enabling supportive environment where individuals support each other based on needs instead of their attributes, and establishing and incorporating indicators pertaining to mental health and well-being into the monitoring efforts of sustainable development, peace and security, and overall human rights together with mental health perspectives are critical.