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  • 18 - Could the WTO Save the Oceans?

  • from Part IV - Paths towards Effective Ocean Governance, Implementation and Compliance
  • Edited by Froukje Maria Platjouw, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Alla Pozdnakova, Universitetet i Oslo
  • Book:
    The Environmental Rule of Law for Oceans
    Published online:
    21 February 2023
    Print publication:
    20 April 2023, pp 252-265
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  • Summary

    The fisheries subsidies mandate of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has recently celebrated its twentieth birthday. It remains unfulfilled. The WTO is called upon to reduce fisheries subsidies through the new rules integrated in its framework and enforceable via its dispute settlement mechanism. This task, if accomplished, would restrict financial inflows into enhancement of the fishing effort, which is damaging for stocks. Having first addressed impediments met by the WTO despite mounting pressure to deliver, which it faces, this Chapter will briefly outline the history of the fisheries subsidies negotiations at the WTO, will present the factors attracting fisheries subsidies issues to the Organisation, will explore the potential for integration of disciplines-to-be within the WTO framework already regulating subsidies, and detail and analyse the three key disciplines subject to discussions, assessing the viability and enforceability of their potential contributions to the rule of law for Oceans.