Decreased vision in the aged population poses significant morbidity and decreases quality of life. At least one third of the American population over age 65 has significant vision compromise due to ophthalmic disease. Decreased vision limits independence and poses significant economic and societal burdens. Ophthalmic disease in the elderly poses significant challenges to patients and providers due to the vast and diverse spectrum of ophthalmic conditions, and therefore requires specialized care by optometrists and ophthalmologists.

Ophthalmic diseases are seen at a higher frequency in aged patients and include structural changes, malignancies, and infections of the eyelids and orbit. In addition, diseases such as cataracts, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), glaucoma, and ischemic optic neuropathy are seen at a significantly higher incidence in elderly patients and can result in severe vision loss. Routine ophthalmic care is required to identify, manage, and treat such diseases in order to prevent sequelae, optimize independence, and preserve vision. Medical therapies, surgical intervention, low-vision aids, and social support systems can be utilized to aid in treatment.