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1 results

  • Chapter 15 - Three-dimensional in vitro ovarian follicle culture

  • Edited by David K. Gardner, University of Melbourne, Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama, Tommaso Falcone
  • Book:
    Human Assisted Reproductive Technology
    Published online:
    16 May 2011
    Print publication:
    31 March 2011, pp 167-176

  • Summary

    The availability of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists did not only offer clinicians an alternative to GnRH agonists but, more importantly, has led to the development of new concepts aiming to increase safety and simplicity in ovarian stimulation. These include the modified natural cycle, mild in vitro fertilization (IVF), the use of GnRH agonist for triggering of final oocyte maturation with elective cryopreservation in patients at risk of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), the administration of antagonists during the luteal phase for management of severe OHSS, as well as control of endogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) with GnRH antagonists in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. Administration of GnRH antagonists can be performed by either a single dose or by using a daily scheme. The need to simplify ovarian stimulation led to the development of long-acting follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).