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3 results

  • Chapter 7 - Psychological, Psychosocial and Psychotherapeutic Interventions for the Prevention and Management of Violence

  • from Section 2 - Medical and Psychological Intervention
  • Edited by Masum Khwaja, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, Peter Tyrer, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London
  • Book:
    The Prevention and Management of Violence
    Published online:
    09 May 2023
    Print publication:
    11 May 2023, pp 107-117

  • Summary

    Written by a multidisciplinary team of experienced clinicians, this chapter provides the reader with an initial outline of some of the complex psychological mechanisms which underlie or can give rise to violence, such as trauma, problems with attachment and failure to develop a capacity to mentalise, as well as pointers for a wider review of the literature. This is followed by an overview of the range of current evidence-based psychological interventions and therapies available for the prevention and management of violence. Importantly, whilst their approach may differ, they all make use of the therapeutic relationship as an agent for change. The interventions include anger management, positive behavioural support, mentalisation-based techniques, application of a psychoanalytic perspective, family or systemic therapy, help with work experience, education and addressing substance misuse. This chapter will be of interest to professionals in a variety of settings who would like to find out more about how they can make sense of and try to prevent and reduce violence, as well as to patients, carers and the wider public.

  • The effects of reading literary fiction on the measurement and development of mentalization skills among schizophrenic patients

  • J. Fekete, T. Tényi, Z. Pótó, E. Varga, R. Herold
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 65 / Issue S1 / June 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 September 2022, p. S154
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Introduction

    Following the mentalization of interpersonal relations can be improved through reading for which the influence of literary fiction can also serve as a model. Schizophrenia is characterized by extensive deficits in mentalization, and the amelioration of these impairments is a major focus in psychosocial treatment research. Reading literature can be a potential tool in improving mentalizing skills.

    Objectives

    We aimed to examine and compare healthy participants with patients living with schizophrenia, focusing on measuring mentalizing skills and the impact of reading literary fiction on their mentalization skills.

    Methods

    47 persons with schizophrenia in remission and 48 healthy controls were assessed and compared with Short Story Task (SST) a new measurement of ToM. SST proved to be a sensitive tool, to individual differences. After reading the short story “The End of Something” (Hemingway) a structured interview was done with 14 questions.

    Results

    We found that patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse in their ToM scores compared to healthy controls (ANOVA test, p<0,05 ). Previous reading experiences correlated significantly with mentalizing scores not just in healthy controls (Independent Samples T-test, p<0,05) but also in patients with schizophrenia. ToM scores were twice as high among those who had prior reading experiences in the schizophrenia group ((MS= 3,91, SD=3,166, M=8,08, SD=4,542; p<0,05, t=-3,509).

    Conclusions

    We found that mentalization skills could be improved by regular reading. Our results could also be influenced by several other factors such as empathy skills, identification with the characters etc. Our results and conclusions are in line with the results of international research on this topic.

    Disclosure

    No significant relationships.