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Chapter 40 - Anemia and Other Hematological Problems
from Section III - Care of the Elderly by Organ System
- By Satish Shanbhag, Rakhi P. Naik
Edited by Jan Busby-Whitehead, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Samuel C. Durso, The Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, Christine Arenson, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Rebecca Elon, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Mary H. Palmer, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, William Reichel
Book:

Reichel's Care of the Elderly

Published online:

30 June 2022

Print publication:

21 July 2022, pp 493-505
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Summary

Hematologic abnormalities occur commonly in the elderly. The prevalence of anemia appears to increase with age and may be caused by various underlying etiologies, including iron deficiency, anemia of inflammation, or myelodysplastic syndrome. Thrombocytopenia due to underlying comorbidities, medications, or immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) may also occur. Hematologic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma also become more prevalent with age. A systematic approach to the evaluation of these hematologic abnormalities is imperative to help guide diagnosis and management. For acute or progressive conditions, a multidisciplinary team of both geriatricians and hematologists is essential to ensure proper diagnosis, frailty assessment, and initiation of appropriate therapies. Novel therapies for the various hematological malignancies are well tolerated, turning life-threatening illnesses into chronic disease that can be managed while preserving quality of life.