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1 results

  • 5 - Air Quality

  • from Part II - Environmental Analysis
  • Edited by John Stolz, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Daniel Bain, University of Pittsburgh, Michael Griffin, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania
  • Book:
    Environmental Impacts from the Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reserves
    Published online:
    28 July 2022
    Print publication:
    18 August 2022, pp 105-131

  • Summary

    Emissions from unconventional oil and gas development can impact ground-level air quality. The largest impacts are on ozone (O3) and are driven by emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the western U.S., ozone events in excess of EPA standards have been linked to VOC emissions from oil and gas operations. In Texas and the eastern U.S., ozone impacts are more modest, but may contribute to exceedances of EPA standards in some downwind cities. Some of the emitted VOCs are hazardous air pollutants that may cause cancer or other health effects. Thus, these emissions may also generate environmental injustice for communities living near oil and gas sources. Unconventional oil and gas sources also contribute to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, they are minor sources of these pollutants. Similarly, combustion associated with the oil and gas industry emits NOx, but the industry is a small contributor to overall emissions. In rural areas of the western U.S., these NOx emissions contribute to the high ozone events.