Two questionnaire-based surveys were carried out amongst the small vegetable planting community in order to evaluate the effectiveness with which pesticides are being used and the ensuing health and environmental hazards. Good practice was assessed by a certain number of indicators based on various parameters. Data on health hazards were obtained from cases of poisoning and from surveys on blood cholinesterase levels.

The results give pertinent indications on pesticide flow, usage and perception. Generally, aged planters tend to adopt good practice, especially if they have had at least primary education, in which case they would seek advice. Many planters however do not get advice from the right source with regards choice of pesticides and dosage, although a significant proportion of planters do not follow recommended dosages. About three-fourths of the planters frequently resort to cocktails of two or more pesticides. Safety intervals are simply not observed by a good majority of growers. Measuring and protective devices, washing of spraying equipment, disposal of empty containers, and the types of pesticides stores leave much to be desired. The practice of mixed cropping leads to the use of a wide range of pesticides for the control of a single pest on various crops. There has recently been a general shift in pesticide usage with the introduction of synthetic pyrethroids. The misuse and/or abuse of pesticides has serious repercussions on the health of those exposed to such toxic chemicals, and cases of poisoning too are increasing. Remedial measures are suggested.