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2 results

  • 2 - Major Modifications of the Islamic Law of Homicide

  • from Part I - The Contribution of Islamic Values
  • Nurit Tsafrir, Tel-Aviv University
  • Book:
    Collective Liability in Islam
    Published online:
    19 December 2019
    Print publication:
    16 January 2020, pp 10-17

  • Summary

    In its transition from pre-Islamic Arab custom to the Shari‘a, the Islamic law of homicide underwent a series of modifications, designed to make it fit Islamic values and principles. This chapter discusses two such major modifications. The first one involves restricting the liability for blood revenge to the perpetrator, while the second sharpens the distinction between accidental and intentional homicide. It is argued that by these modifications Muslim jurists emphasized individual responsibility, intention, fault rather than mere causation, and punishment rather than compensation, thereby bringing homicide closer to a crime. In this way, they expressed the conception that homicide is an offense against the interests of the entire community, and not just against private rights.

The Atonement

The Atonement
  • William Lane Craig
  • Published online:
    28 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018
  • How did Christ's death overcome the estrangement and condemnation of sinners before a holy God, so as to reconcile them to Him? A great variety of theories of the atonement have been offered over the centuries to make sense of the fact that Christ by his death has provided the means of reconciliation with God: ransom theories, satisfaction theories, moral influence theories, penal substitution theories, and so on. Competing theories need to be assessed by (i) their accord with biblical data and (ii) their philosophical coherence.