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2 results

  • Infection preparedness of community health workers: implications for maternal and neonatal health services in Pakistan

  • Sara Rizvi Jafree, Amna Khawar, Ain ul Momina, Qaisar Khalid Mahmood
  • Journal:
    Primary Health Care Research & Development / Volume 23 / 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 May 2022, e27
    • Article
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  • Aim:

    This study aimed to (i) identify community health workers’ (CHWs) perceived satisfaction for maternal and neonatal health services, with respect to (1) socio-demographic characteristics; (2) coronavirus preparedness; (3) coronavirus responsiveness; and (4) employee satisfaction and (ii) investigate the interplay among study variables to identify the role of direct effects and mediation.

    Background:

    Women CHWs are salient providers for maternal and neonatal services at the primary level, especially in conservative regions. Service delivery is a valuable indicator for mother and newborn wellbeing. There is need for empirical evidence to understand how CHWs may be supported in delivering maternal and neonatal health services during pandemics.

    Methods:

    Bivariate regression was used to identify the lower odds for CHWs’ perceived satisfaction for maternal and neonatal health services. In addition, structural equation modeling was used to investigate if coronavirus responsiveness and employee satisfaction as mediating variables influence the relationship between coronavirus preparedness and maternal and neonatal health services. Data were collected telephonically from 350 CHWs. The sample was representative of 35 districts of Punjab, which is the most populated province in the country.

    Findings:

    We found thirty predictors with respect to coronavirus preparedness, coronavirus responsiveness and employee satisfaction which contribute to lower odds of satisfaction for maternal and neonatal health services. We also found that coronavirus preparedness has a direct effect on maternal and neonatal health service satisfaction (β = .242, P < .001) and an indirect effect on maternal health satisfaction (β = .242, P < .001) via the mediation of employee satisfaction. We conclude with four critical recommendations to support CHWs in delivering optimal services, comprising of education and training, operational support, public acceptance, and employee support and benefits. The findings are important for the planning of primary health services and governance support for CHWs and poor women clients in Pakistan and other developing countries.

  • The Influence of Leadership Style on Subordinates’ Attachment to the Leader

  • Fernando Molero, Juan A. Moriano, Phillip R. Shaver
  • Journal:
    The Spanish Journal of Psychology / Volume 16 / 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 July 2013, E62

  • The aim of this research is to explore the extent to which employees establish attachment bonds with their leaders and the effects these bonds have on organizational outcomes. A sample of 225 participants reported on their supervisor’s leadership style (transformational, transactional, or passive-avoidant), their attachment bonds to this supervisor (anxious or avoidant), and four organizational variables (subordinate’s satisfaction, identification with the organization, extra effort, and perceived leadership effectiveness). Results, analyzed using a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach, indicated that (a) transformational leadership was negatively associated with employees’ insecure (anxious or avoidant) attachment to their leader; (b) passive/avoidant leadership was positively associated with subordinates’ insecure attachment to their leader; (c) transactional leadership was positively associated with employee’s anxious attachment but not with their avoidant attachment; (d) avoidant, but not anxious, attachment to the leader was negatively associated with employee satisfaction, perceived leader effectiveness, employee’s extra effort, and organizational identification.