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Summary

Levo-transposition of the great arteries is a rare anomaly, comprising less than 1% of all forms of congenital heart disease and is characterized by both atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance. Despite ventriculoarterial discordance, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood flow is in the correct physiologic direction, resulting in normal oxygenation and perfusion. Patients without other structural cardiac defects are asymptomatic at birth and during early childhood and usually present later in life. The long-term sequelae of patients with uncorrected levo-transposition include right ventricular dysfunction, systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and complete heart block. The natural history of the disease is largely determined by the presence of associated anatomic cardiac abnormalities and the progressive dysfunction of the morphologic right ventricle as the systemic pump. This chapter details the anesthetic management of a patient with levo-transposition presenting for an urgent appendectomy, including management of a pacemaker.

Based on experience in several centers, the double switch operation has reportedly become the standard surgical therapy for congenitally corrected transposition. We report and discuss here the use of a “ventricle and a half” double switch operation performed due to the concerns raised intraoperatively because of the size of the morphologically right ventricle. Although the long-term course of such a procedure in this setting remains unknown, we submit that the proposed benefits of the double switch operation, even when used in the “ventricle and a half” configuration, may be superior to the alternatives.

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Chapter 23 - l-Transposition of the Great Arteries (“Corrected” Transposition)

Summary

The hemi-Mustard, bi-directional Glenn, and Rastelli operations used for correction of congenitally corrected transposition, achieving a “ventricle and a half ” repair

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Chapter 23 - l-Transposition of the Great Arteries (“Corrected” Transposition)

Summary

The hemi-Mustard, bi-directional Glenn, and Rastelli operations used for correction of congenitally corrected transposition, achieving a “ventricle and a half ” repair