Objective: To describe place of residence and examine factors associated with place of residence following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in working age adults.

Setting, participants, design: Retrospective cohort study (1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013) of adults (16–64 years) with severe TBI who survived to hospital discharge in Victoria, Australia.

Main measures: Place of residence (dichotomised as ‘private residence’ and ‘other destination’) at 6, 12 and 24 months post injury. A modified Poisson model was fitted with a random effect for the participant.

Results: There were 684 cases that were followed-up at one or more time points. At 24 months post injury, 87% (n = 537) adults with TBI were living at a private residence, of whom 66% did not require additional support. Cases were more likely to be living at a private residence at 24 months post injury compared to 6 months (adjusted relative risk = 1.08, 95% Confidence Interval, 1.04–1.11, p < .001). At 24 months post injury, 5% (n = 29) remained in rehabilitation and 4% (n = 23) lived in a nursing home.

Conclusion: While the majority of cases were living at a private residence at 2 years post injury, 13% were residing in rehabilitation, a nursing home or other supported living. Longer follow-up is needed to understand if a transition to a private residence is possible for these groups.

Due to increasing life expectancy over time, persons who live into their nineties, known as nonagenarians, are an important and growing segment of the Canadian population. In 2001, there were 130,325 nonagenarians (compared to 3,795 centenarians), and it is estimated that they will top 400,000 by 2026. This paper provides a health profile and an exploratory analysis of selected social determinants of health for community-living nonagenarians, using the 2001 Canadian Community Health Survey (Statistics Canada, 2003). Perceived health, a selection of prevalent chronic illnesses, and several health behaviours are examined. One dominant pattern is the tendency for male nonagenarians to be in better health than their female counterparts. This finding is consistent with research on centenarians and is discussed in terms of a mortality selection effect. Other key findings include the strength of sense of belonging, income, and physical activity as potential social determinants of health, connected to particular dimensions of health status.