Alert to the high prevalence and familial association between schizophrenia and mental retardation.

Review relevant literature after the description if a clinical case example; additional diagnostic exams.

Description of a clinical case: Man with 25 years old with mental retardation and first episode of pchicosys.

He and his all family works in the fire department. In his family history there is a mother with pchicosys, father with mental retardation, sister with a post partum depression, aunt with bipolar affective disorder, and two uncles who comet suicide.

In January of 2008, he begins to hear voices, in his work, that call him and ask for help; then he begin to see an old lady in his bedroom's window; he stop sleeping and eating. The family brings him to the emergency room and he's started diazepam (15 mg/day) and olanzapina (20 mg/day) and the symptom remit.

Three days later, he stops the medication and the symptoms came back. He gets very scared and begin to take the medication every day.

He did a brain computerized tomography that excludes organic diseases and psychological tests that confirms mental retardation.

It is well established that prevalence of schizophrenia is around three times greater in those with mild mental retardation and the co-association between mental retardation and schizophrenia is highly familial. Both bipolar illness and major depressive disorder have also increased prevalence in the mental retarded. The prognosis is directly linked with family and social support.